Triple

T1403600
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Richard K. Guy E31640 entity
Predicate coAuthor P398 FINISHED
Object Richard J. Nowakowski
Richard J. Nowakowski is a mathematician known for his work in combinatorial game theory and for coauthoring influential texts in the field.
E160616 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Richard J. Nowakowski | Statement: [Richard K. Guy, coAuthor, Richard J. Nowakowski]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Richard J. Nowakowski
Context triple: [Richard K. Guy, coAuthor, Richard J. Nowakowski]
  • A. Michael Reid
    Michael Reid is a personal name shared by multiple individuals across various professions, including sports, academia, and the arts.
  • B. Richard K. Guy
    Richard K. Guy was a British-Canadian mathematician renowned for his work in number theory, combinatorics, and recreational mathematics, and for coauthoring influential books that popularized mathematical games and puzzles.
  • C. Andrew Goczkowski
    Andrew Goczkowski is an American local government leader serving as the mayor of Des Plaines, Illinois.
  • D. Erdman Penner
    Erdman Penner was a Canadian-born screenwriter and story artist best known for his work on classic Walt Disney animated films in the mid-20th century.
  • E. Stefan Rowecki
    Stefan Rowecki was a Polish general and key leader of the World War II resistance movement, serving as commander of the underground Home Army against Nazi occupation.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Richard J. Nowakowski
Triple: [Richard K. Guy, coAuthor, Richard J. Nowakowski]
Generated description
Richard J. Nowakowski is a mathematician known for his work in combinatorial game theory and for coauthoring influential texts in the field.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Richard J. Nowakowski
Target entity description: Richard J. Nowakowski is a mathematician known for his work in combinatorial game theory and for coauthoring influential texts in the field.
  • A. Michael Reid
    Michael Reid is a personal name shared by multiple individuals across various professions, including sports, academia, and the arts.
  • B. Richard K. Guy
    Richard K. Guy was a British-Canadian mathematician renowned for his work in number theory, combinatorics, and recreational mathematics, and for coauthoring influential books that popularized mathematical games and puzzles.
  • C. Andrew Goczkowski
    Andrew Goczkowski is an American local government leader serving as the mayor of Des Plaines, Illinois.
  • D. Erdman Penner
    Erdman Penner was a Canadian-born screenwriter and story artist best known for his work on classic Walt Disney animated films in the mid-20th century.
  • E. Stefan Rowecki
    Stefan Rowecki was a Polish general and key leader of the World War II resistance movement, serving as commander of the underground Home Army against Nazi occupation.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a49918e1f88190ba610f9dc8114578 completed March 1, 2026, 7:52 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4c3a0330c8190b22452d29c79fcf4 completed March 1, 2026, 10:54 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69acde39d14c81909a76704c8e16c744 completed March 8, 2026, 2:26 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69acdfc287648190b9a7313a074ceea5 completed March 8, 2026, 2:32 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ace0b0c14481909559f926c190c146 completed March 8, 2026, 2:36 a.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:59 p.m.