Triple

T13912896
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Landau–Lifshitz equations E334542 entity
Predicate origin P410 FINISHED
Object Soviet school of theoretical physics
The Soviet school of theoretical physics was a highly influential tradition of physics research and education, led by figures such as Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, that produced foundational advances across quantum mechanics, condensed matter, and field theory in the 20th century.
E1069005 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Soviet school of theoretical physics | Statement: [Landau–Lifshitz equations, origin, Soviet school of theoretical physics]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Soviet school of theoretical physics
Context triple: [Landau–Lifshitz equations, origin, Soviet school of theoretical physics]
  • A. Course of Theoretical Physics
    Course of Theoretical Physics is a landmark multi-volume textbook series in theoretical physics, co-authored by Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, renowned for its rigor and breadth across the major fields of physics.
  • B. Soviet school of probability theory
    The Soviet school of probability theory was a highly influential mathematical tradition that developed rigorous foundations and advanced methods in probability and stochastic processes, led by figures such as Kolmogorov, Khinchin, and their students.
  • C. Soviet school of functional analysis
    The Soviet school of functional analysis was a highly influential mathematical tradition that advanced operator theory, spectral theory, and related areas through the work of prominent Soviet mathematicians in the 20th century.
  • D. Arnold Sommerfeld school of theoretical physics
    The Arnold Sommerfeld school of theoretical physics was an influential early 20th-century research and teaching tradition centered around Arnold Sommerfeld and his students, which helped shape modern atomic and quantum theory.
  • E. Soviet scientific community
    The Soviet scientific community was the state-directed network of researchers, institutes, and academies in the USSR that played a central role in advancing fields like physics, chemistry, and space science under a highly centralized, ideologically driven system.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Soviet school of theoretical physics
Triple: [Landau–Lifshitz equations, origin, Soviet school of theoretical physics]
Generated description
The Soviet school of theoretical physics was a highly influential tradition of physics research and education, led by figures such as Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, that produced foundational advances across quantum mechanics, condensed matter, and field theory in the 20th century.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Soviet school of theoretical physics
Target entity description: The Soviet school of theoretical physics was a highly influential tradition of physics research and education, led by figures such as Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, that produced foundational advances across quantum mechanics, condensed matter, and field theory in the 20th century.
  • A. Course of Theoretical Physics
    Course of Theoretical Physics is a landmark multi-volume textbook series in theoretical physics, co-authored by Lev Landau and Evgeny Lifshitz, renowned for its rigor and breadth across the major fields of physics.
  • B. Soviet school of probability theory
    The Soviet school of probability theory was a highly influential mathematical tradition that developed rigorous foundations and advanced methods in probability and stochastic processes, led by figures such as Kolmogorov, Khinchin, and their students.
  • C. Soviet school of functional analysis
    The Soviet school of functional analysis was a highly influential mathematical tradition that advanced operator theory, spectral theory, and related areas through the work of prominent Soviet mathematicians in the 20th century.
  • D. Arnold Sommerfeld school of theoretical physics
    The Arnold Sommerfeld school of theoretical physics was an influential early 20th-century research and teaching tradition centered around Arnold Sommerfeld and his students, which helped shape modern atomic and quantum theory.
  • E. Soviet scientific community
    The Soviet scientific community was the state-directed network of researchers, institutes, and academies in the USSR that played a central role in advancing fields like physics, chemistry, and space science under a highly centralized, ideologically driven system.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d81c5eaa9c819083b1ff8689179565 completed April 9, 2026, 9:38 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69de27245c648190b2946845ce0fdbf8 completed April 14, 2026, 11:38 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f7c72a345481908f8552bca7bb1a5a completed May 3, 2026, 10:07 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f7c8d477f881908f8cfd2783e7f10f completed May 3, 2026, 10:14 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f7ca27ffd4819080bccd6bfd88ddb3 completed May 3, 2026, 10:20 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 10:16 p.m.