Triple

T13566272
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Michael Abrash E324042 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Zen of Graphics Programming
Zen of Graphics Programming is a highly regarded book by Michael Abrash that delves into low-level graphics techniques and performance optimization for game and graphics programmers.
 E1046294 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Zen of Graphics Programming | Statement: [Michael Abrash, notableWork, Zen of Graphics Programming]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Zen of Graphics Programming
Context triple: [Michael Abrash, notableWork, Zen of Graphics Programming]
  • A. Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice
    Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice is a foundational textbook that comprehensively covers the theory and algorithms underlying modern computer graphics.
  • B. Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics
    Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics is a foundational textbook that introduces the principles, algorithms, and techniques underlying modern computer graphics and interactive visual systems.
  • C. Programming: Principles and Practice Using C++
    Programming: Principles and Practice Using C++ is an introductory programming textbook by Bjarne Stroustrup that teaches fundamental programming concepts and techniques using the C++ language.
  • D. Geometry Engine at SGI
    Geometry Engine at SGI was a pioneering hardware graphics subsystem developed at Silicon Graphics that accelerated 3D geometric computations and helped establish SGI’s leadership in high-performance computer graphics.
  • E. A Tour of C++
    A Tour of C++ is a concise introductory book by Bjarne Stroustrup that presents modern C++ features and programming techniques for experienced programmers.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Zen of Graphics Programming
Triple: [Michael Abrash, notableWork, Zen of Graphics Programming]
Generated description
Zen of Graphics Programming is a highly regarded book by Michael Abrash that delves into low-level graphics techniques and performance optimization for game and graphics programmers.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Zen of Graphics Programming
Target entity description: Zen of Graphics Programming is a highly regarded book by Michael Abrash that delves into low-level graphics techniques and performance optimization for game and graphics programmers.
  • A. Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice
    Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice is a foundational textbook that comprehensively covers the theory and algorithms underlying modern computer graphics.
  • B. Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics
    Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics is a foundational textbook that introduces the principles, algorithms, and techniques underlying modern computer graphics and interactive visual systems.
  • C. Programming: Principles and Practice Using C++
    Programming: Principles and Practice Using C++ is an introductory programming textbook by Bjarne Stroustrup that teaches fundamental programming concepts and techniques using the C++ language.
  • D. Geometry Engine at SGI
    Geometry Engine at SGI was a pioneering hardware graphics subsystem developed at Silicon Graphics that accelerated 3D geometric computations and helped establish SGI’s leadership in high-performance computer graphics.
  • E. A Tour of C++
    A Tour of C++ is a concise introductory book by Bjarne Stroustrup that presents modern C++ features and programming techniques for experienced programmers.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8076830b48190910a902bae5888e2 completed April 9, 2026, 8:09 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69dbb00cecd48190a9a2caff3d424817 completed April 12, 2026, 2:45 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f75db031d88190983e3ccd054082bd completed May 3, 2026, 2:37 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f75e4222d481909781824cefb69b49 completed May 3, 2026, 2:40 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f75e9fc1508190800291a16840a9a8 completed May 3, 2026, 2:41 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:48 p.m.