Triple

T1348086
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Hermann Ebbinghaus E28816 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object spacing effect
The spacing effect is a psychological phenomenon showing that information is learned and retained more effectively when study sessions are distributed over time rather than massed together.
 E154374 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: spacing effect | Statement: [Hermann Ebbinghaus, knownFor, spacing effect]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: spacing effect
Context triple: [Hermann Ebbinghaus, knownFor, spacing effect]
  • A. Cram
    Cram is a surname most notably associated with Ralph Adams Cram, a prominent American architect known for his influential Gothic Revival designs.
  • B. Music Quickens Time
    Music Quickens Time is a collection of essays by conductor and pianist Daniel Barenboim reflecting on music’s role in culture, politics, and human understanding.
  • C. SPR
    The Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) is the United States’ emergency stockpile of crude oil maintained to mitigate disruptions in petroleum supplies.
  • D. Spare
    Spare is Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex’s candid memoir detailing his life within the British royal family and his personal struggles and experiences.
  • E. Time
    Time is a 1995 song by the American rock band Screaming Trees, featured on their album "Dust."
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: spacing effect
Triple: [Hermann Ebbinghaus, knownFor, spacing effect]
Generated description
The spacing effect is a psychological phenomenon showing that information is learned and retained more effectively when study sessions are distributed over time rather than massed together.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: spacing effect
Target entity description: The spacing effect is a psychological phenomenon showing that information is learned and retained more effectively when study sessions are distributed over time rather than massed together.
  • A. Cram
    Cram is a surname most notably associated with Ralph Adams Cram, a prominent American architect known for his influential Gothic Revival designs.
  • B. Music Quickens Time
    Music Quickens Time is a collection of essays by conductor and pianist Daniel Barenboim reflecting on music’s role in culture, politics, and human understanding.
  • C. SPR
    The Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) is the United States’ emergency stockpile of crude oil maintained to mitigate disruptions in petroleum supplies.
  • D. Spare
    Spare is Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex’s candid memoir detailing his life within the British royal family and his personal struggles and experiences.
  • E. Time
    Time is a 1995 song by the American rock band Screaming Trees, featured on their album "Dust."
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a498571d248190a0ac9eb02d97097f completed March 1, 2026, 7:49 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4c2418e38819094683d6e1efc6e56 completed March 1, 2026, 10:48 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69acc639201c81908ed9c9ac37cd358f completed March 8, 2026, 12:43 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69acc71a3e808190aecbb57a64f39b6b completed March 8, 2026, 12:47 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69acc88e4ec08190945b366524b83088 completed March 8, 2026, 12:53 a.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:56 p.m.