Triple

T13217484
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Malcolm II of Scotland E314656 entity
Predicate battle P12 FINISHED
Object Battle of Carham
The Battle of Carham was an early 11th-century conflict in which the Scots, under King Malcolm II and their Northumbrian allies, decisively defeated the English of Northumbria, helping to secure Scottish control over Lothian and shape the future Anglo-Scottish border.
E1048915 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Battle of Carham | Statement: [Malcolm II of Scotland, battle, Battle of Carham]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Carham
Context triple: [Malcolm II of Scotland, battle, Battle of Carham]
  • A. Battle of Neville's Cross
    The Battle of Neville's Cross was a major 1346 clash near Durham in which an English army decisively defeated and captured King David II of Scotland, significantly weakening Scottish power during the Hundred Years' War era.
  • B. Battle of Pinkie Cleugh
    The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh was a major 1547 clash near Musselburgh in which English forces decisively defeated the Scots, marking the last pitched battle between the two kingdoms and a key episode in the Rough Wooing.
  • C. Battle of Dupplin Moor
    The Battle of Dupplin Moor was a significant 1332 engagement in the Second War of Scottish Independence, where an invading Anglo-Scottish force decisively defeated a larger Scottish army, influencing the struggle for Scotland’s throne.
  • D. Battle of Philiphaugh
    The Battle of Philiphaugh was a 1645 engagement in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms in which Scottish Covenanter forces decisively crushed the Royalist army of James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, near Selkirk.
  • E. Battle of Linlithgow Bridge
    The Battle of Linlithgow Bridge was a 1526 Scottish civil conflict near Linlithgow in which forces loyal to the Earl of Angus defeated those supporting the young King James V, helping secure Angus’s control over the king.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Battle of Carham
Triple: [Malcolm II of Scotland, battle, Battle of Carham]
Generated description
The Battle of Carham was an early 11th-century conflict in which the Scots, under King Malcolm II and their Northumbrian allies, decisively defeated the English of Northumbria, helping to secure Scottish control over Lothian and shape the future Anglo-Scottish border.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Carham
Target entity description: The Battle of Carham was an early 11th-century conflict in which the Scots, under King Malcolm II and their Northumbrian allies, decisively defeated the English of Northumbria, helping to secure Scottish control over Lothian and shape the future Anglo-Scottish border.
  • A. Battle of Neville's Cross
    The Battle of Neville's Cross was a major 1346 clash near Durham in which an English army decisively defeated and captured King David II of Scotland, significantly weakening Scottish power during the Hundred Years' War era.
  • B. Battle of Pinkie Cleugh
    The Battle of Pinkie Cleugh was a major 1547 clash near Musselburgh in which English forces decisively defeated the Scots, marking the last pitched battle between the two kingdoms and a key episode in the Rough Wooing.
  • C. Battle of Dupplin Moor
    The Battle of Dupplin Moor was a significant 1332 engagement in the Second War of Scottish Independence, where an invading Anglo-Scottish force decisively defeated a larger Scottish army, influencing the struggle for Scotland’s throne.
  • D. Battle of Philiphaugh
    The Battle of Philiphaugh was a 1645 engagement in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms in which Scottish Covenanter forces decisively crushed the Royalist army of James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, near Selkirk.
  • E. Battle of Linlithgow Bridge
    The Battle of Linlithgow Bridge was a 1526 Scottish civil conflict near Linlithgow in which forces loyal to the Earl of Angus defeated those supporting the young King James V, helping secure Angus’s control over the king.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d806affc688190a25b6ccc588e9c72 completed April 9, 2026, 8:06 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d98cf392e08190949ee4d194566395 completed April 10, 2026, 11:51 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f76b9a5e388190ab75b9f476216894 completed May 3, 2026, 3:36 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f7763fc23c819098d46ab0906b8764 completed May 3, 2026, 4:22 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f7792110e48190a29b6e89c6ebcc03 completed May 3, 2026, 4:34 p.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 9:18 p.m.