Triple

T12648296
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Josephine Ruffin E302088 entity
Predicate spouse P13 FINISHED
Object George Lewis Ruffin
George Lewis Ruffin was a pioneering African American lawyer, judge, and politician in Boston, recognized as one of the first Black graduates of Harvard Law School and a prominent civil rights advocate in the 19th century.
E1007270 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: George Lewis Ruffin | Statement: [Josephine Ruffin, spouse, George Lewis Ruffin]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: George Lewis Ruffin
Context triple: [Josephine Ruffin, spouse, George Lewis Ruffin]
  • A. George McDuffie
    George McDuffie was a prominent 19th-century American politician from South Carolina who served as governor, U.S. senator, and leading advocate of states’ rights and nullification.
  • B. Marcellus E. Foster
    Marcellus E. Foster was an American journalist and newspaper editor best known as the founder of the Houston Chronicle.
  • C. Augustus F. Hawkins
    Augustus F. Hawkins was a pioneering African American U.S. Congressman from California known for his leadership on civil rights, labor, and full-employment legislation.
  • D. George W. Lewis
    George W. Lewis was an American aerospace engineer and long-serving director of research at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), whose leadership significantly advanced early U.S. aeronautical research.
  • E. Robert Heberton Terrell
    Robert Heberton Terrell was an African American lawyer, educator, and one of the first Black judges in Washington, D.C., known for his civil rights advocacy and public service.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: George Lewis Ruffin
Triple: [Josephine Ruffin, spouse, George Lewis Ruffin]
Generated description
George Lewis Ruffin was a pioneering African American lawyer, judge, and politician in Boston, recognized as one of the first Black graduates of Harvard Law School and a prominent civil rights advocate in the 19th century.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: George Lewis Ruffin
Target entity description: George Lewis Ruffin was a pioneering African American lawyer, judge, and politician in Boston, recognized as one of the first Black graduates of Harvard Law School and a prominent civil rights advocate in the 19th century.
  • A. George McDuffie
    George McDuffie was a prominent 19th-century American politician from South Carolina who served as governor, U.S. senator, and leading advocate of states’ rights and nullification.
  • B. Marcellus E. Foster
    Marcellus E. Foster was an American journalist and newspaper editor best known as the founder of the Houston Chronicle.
  • C. Augustus F. Hawkins
    Augustus F. Hawkins was a pioneering African American U.S. Congressman from California known for his leadership on civil rights, labor, and full-employment legislation.
  • D. George W. Lewis
    George W. Lewis was an American aerospace engineer and long-serving director of research at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), whose leadership significantly advanced early U.S. aeronautical research.
  • E. Robert Heberton Terrell
    Robert Heberton Terrell was an African American lawyer, educator, and one of the first Black judges in Washington, D.C., known for his civil rights advocacy and public service.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d7bdec9f9c8190b4bac675b7588211 completed April 9, 2026, 2:55 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d9615cf6f48190bd0983cf7465ab15 completed April 10, 2026, 8:45 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69f69b88d7048190bb584aa48bba5288 completed May 3, 2026, 12:49 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69f69c46a6208190a113aefbce1bbaac completed May 3, 2026, 12:52 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69f69cead6d881909765424b5391a613 completed May 3, 2026, 12:55 a.m.
Created at: April 9, 2026, 5:17 p.m.