Triple
T12648296
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Josephine Ruffin |
E302088
|
entity |
| Predicate | spouse |
P13
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
George Lewis Ruffin
George Lewis Ruffin was a pioneering African American lawyer, judge, and politician in Boston, recognized as one of the first Black graduates of Harvard Law School and a prominent civil rights advocate in the 19th century.
|
E1007270
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: George Lewis Ruffin | Statement: [Josephine Ruffin, spouse, George Lewis Ruffin]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: George Lewis Ruffin Context triple: [Josephine Ruffin, spouse, George Lewis Ruffin]
-
A.
George McDuffie
George McDuffie was a prominent 19th-century American politician from South Carolina who served as governor, U.S. senator, and leading advocate of states’ rights and nullification.
-
B.
Marcellus E. Foster
Marcellus E. Foster was an American journalist and newspaper editor best known as the founder of the Houston Chronicle.
-
C.
Augustus F. Hawkins
Augustus F. Hawkins was a pioneering African American U.S. Congressman from California known for his leadership on civil rights, labor, and full-employment legislation.
-
D.
George W. Lewis
George W. Lewis was an American aerospace engineer and long-serving director of research at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), whose leadership significantly advanced early U.S. aeronautical research.
-
E.
Robert Heberton Terrell
Robert Heberton Terrell was an African American lawyer, educator, and one of the first Black judges in Washington, D.C., known for his civil rights advocacy and public service.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: George Lewis Ruffin Triple: [Josephine Ruffin, spouse, George Lewis Ruffin]
Generated description
George Lewis Ruffin was a pioneering African American lawyer, judge, and politician in Boston, recognized as one of the first Black graduates of Harvard Law School and a prominent civil rights advocate in the 19th century.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: George Lewis Ruffin Target entity description: George Lewis Ruffin was a pioneering African American lawyer, judge, and politician in Boston, recognized as one of the first Black graduates of Harvard Law School and a prominent civil rights advocate in the 19th century.
-
A.
George McDuffie
George McDuffie was a prominent 19th-century American politician from South Carolina who served as governor, U.S. senator, and leading advocate of states’ rights and nullification.
-
B.
Marcellus E. Foster
Marcellus E. Foster was an American journalist and newspaper editor best known as the founder of the Houston Chronicle.
-
C.
Augustus F. Hawkins
Augustus F. Hawkins was a pioneering African American U.S. Congressman from California known for his leadership on civil rights, labor, and full-employment legislation.
-
D.
George W. Lewis
George W. Lewis was an American aerospace engineer and long-serving director of research at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), whose leadership significantly advanced early U.S. aeronautical research.
-
E.
Robert Heberton Terrell
Robert Heberton Terrell was an African American lawyer, educator, and one of the first Black judges in Washington, D.C., known for his civil rights advocacy and public service.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d7bdec9f9c8190b4bac675b7588211 |
completed | April 9, 2026, 2:55 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69d9615cf6f48190bd0983cf7465ab15 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 8:45 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69f69b88d7048190bb584aa48bba5288 |
completed | May 3, 2026, 12:49 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69f69c46a6208190a113aefbce1bbaac |
completed | May 3, 2026, 12:52 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69f69cead6d881909765424b5391a613 |
completed | May 3, 2026, 12:55 a.m. |
Created at: April 9, 2026, 5:17 p.m.