Triple

T125943
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Taxing and Spending Clause E2550 entity
Predicate significantCase P4528 FINISHED
Object South Dakota v. Dole
South Dakota v. Dole is a 1987 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s power to condition federal highway funds on states adopting a minimum drinking age of 21, helping define the scope of the federal spending power.
E18538 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: South Dakota v. Dole | Statement: [Taxing and Spending Clause, significantCase, South Dakota v. Dole]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: South Dakota v. Dole
Context triple: [Taxing and Spending Clause, significantCase, South Dakota v. Dole]
  • A. Craig v. Boren
    Craig v. Boren is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court case that established intermediate scrutiny as the standard for evaluating gender-based classifications under the Equal Protection Clause.
  • B. United States v. Lopez
    United States v. Lopez is a 1995 U.S. Supreme Court case that marked the first time in decades the Court struck down a federal law for exceeding Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause, signaling a revival of limits on federal regulatory authority.
  • C. Katzenbach v. McClung
    Katzenbach v. McClung is a 1964 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the federal government’s power to prohibit racial discrimination in local restaurants under the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
  • D. Bolling v. Sharpe
    Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
  • E. Cantwell v. Connecticut
    Cantwell v. Connecticut is a 1940 U.S. Supreme Court case that first applied the First Amendment’s Free Exercise Clause to the states, striking down a state law that improperly restricted religious proselytizing.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: South Dakota v. Dole
Triple: [Taxing and Spending Clause, significantCase, South Dakota v. Dole]
Generated description
South Dakota v. Dole is a 1987 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s power to condition federal highway funds on states adopting a minimum drinking age of 21, helping define the scope of the federal spending power.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: South Dakota v. Dole
Target entity description: South Dakota v. Dole is a 1987 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s power to condition federal highway funds on states adopting a minimum drinking age of 21, helping define the scope of the federal spending power.
  • A. Craig v. Boren
    Craig v. Boren is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court case that established intermediate scrutiny as the standard for evaluating gender-based classifications under the Equal Protection Clause.
  • B. United States v. Lopez
    United States v. Lopez is a 1995 U.S. Supreme Court case that marked the first time in decades the Court struck down a federal law for exceeding Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause, signaling a revival of limits on federal regulatory authority.
  • C. Katzenbach v. McClung
    Katzenbach v. McClung is a 1964 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the federal government’s power to prohibit racial discrimination in local restaurants under the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
  • D. Bolling v. Sharpe
    Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
  • E. Cantwell v. Connecticut
    Cantwell v. Connecticut is a 1940 U.S. Supreme Court case that first applied the First Amendment’s Free Exercise Clause to the states, striking down a state law that improperly restricted religious proselytizing.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a251b54ea88190b18281669f59b4c0 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 2:23 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a25b816dbc8190b20e13c80a451e6b completed Feb. 28, 2026, 3:05 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69a2c938950081909990f481604ea022 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:53 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69a2c9e17ac08190abc4b4e4567e7a70 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:56 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69a2caa02c788190b528c55379f376a4 completed Feb. 28, 2026, 10:59 a.m.
Created at: Feb. 28, 2026, 2:27 a.m.