Triple

T11730013
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Clean Air Markets Division E278872 entity
Predicate implementsProgram P24641 FINISHED
Object NOx Budget Trading Program
The NOx Budget Trading Program is a U.S. cap-and-trade system designed to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants and other large combustion sources to combat regional smog and ozone pollution.
E942113 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: NOx Budget Trading Program | Statement: [Clean Air Markets Division, implementsProgram, NOx Budget Trading Program]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: NOx Budget Trading Program
Context triple: [Clean Air Markets Division, implementsProgram, NOx Budget Trading Program]
  • A. Acid Rain Program
    The Acid Rain Program is a U.S. federal regulatory initiative that uses a cap-and-trade system to reduce sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants in order to combat acid rain and improve air quality.
  • B. Clean Air Interstate Rule
    The Clean Air Interstate Rule was a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulation aimed at reducing interstate air pollution from power plants, particularly sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that contribute to fine particulate matter and ozone.
  • C. Prevention of Significant Deterioration program
    The Prevention of Significant Deterioration program is a U.S. air quality permitting system that limits emissions from new or modified major pollution sources in areas that already meet national air quality standards.
  • D. Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Areas
    Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Areas are designated maritime zones where stricter limits on ship engine NOx emissions apply to reduce air pollution and protect human health and the environment.
  • E. EPA Allowance Tracking System
    The EPA Allowance Tracking System is a federal database and accounting platform that records, tracks, and manages emissions allowances for regulated sources under U.S. air pollution control programs.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: NOx Budget Trading Program
Triple: [Clean Air Markets Division, implementsProgram, NOx Budget Trading Program]
Generated description
The NOx Budget Trading Program is a U.S. cap-and-trade system designed to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants and other large combustion sources to combat regional smog and ozone pollution.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: NOx Budget Trading Program
Target entity description: The NOx Budget Trading Program is a U.S. cap-and-trade system designed to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants and other large combustion sources to combat regional smog and ozone pollution.
  • A. Acid Rain Program
    The Acid Rain Program is a U.S. federal regulatory initiative that uses a cap-and-trade system to reduce sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants in order to combat acid rain and improve air quality.
  • B. Clean Air Interstate Rule
    The Clean Air Interstate Rule was a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulation aimed at reducing interstate air pollution from power plants, particularly sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides that contribute to fine particulate matter and ozone.
  • C. Prevention of Significant Deterioration program
    The Prevention of Significant Deterioration program is a U.S. air quality permitting system that limits emissions from new or modified major pollution sources in areas that already meet national air quality standards.
  • D. Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Areas
    Nitrogen Oxide Emission Control Areas are designated maritime zones where stricter limits on ship engine NOx emissions apply to reduce air pollution and protect human health and the environment.
  • E. EPA Allowance Tracking System
    The EPA Allowance Tracking System is a federal database and accounting platform that records, tracks, and manages emissions allowances for regulated sources under U.S. air pollution control programs.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aaffec6881908bead509e8621742 completed April 8, 2026, 7:22 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d8a4d80ef881908cab956787ab07fd completed April 10, 2026, 7:20 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ef83f98fc481908015df3c4e5d7ed3 completed April 27, 2026, 3:42 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ef9b68309081909f3f614efeeb2ab1 completed April 27, 2026, 5:22 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69efd6aba82c81909ff22e6b26db3cfe completed April 27, 2026, 9:35 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:41 p.m.