Triple

T11565704
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Pippa Norris E274245 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior
"Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior" is a scholarly book by political scientist Pippa Norris that analyzes how different electoral systems shape party competition, voter behavior, and democratic outcomes around the world.
E933770 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior | Statement: [Pippa Norris, notableWork, Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior
Context triple: [Pippa Norris, notableWork, Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior]
  • A. Elections as Instruments of Democracy: Majoritarian and Proportional Visions
    "Elections as Instruments of Democracy: Majoritarian and Proportional Visions" is a comparative political science book that analyzes how different electoral systems shape democratic representation, accountability, and governance.
  • B. The Michigan model of voting
    The Michigan model of voting is a political science framework that explains voters’ choices primarily through long-term psychological attachments to political parties, shaped by socialization and group identities.
  • C. methodological foundations of election studies
    The methodological foundations of election studies comprise the core research designs, measurement techniques, and analytical approaches that underpin systematic, empirical investigation of electoral behavior and political participation.
  • D. Systematic Politics
    Systematic Politics is a foundational work in political science by Charles E. Merriam that helped establish the behavioral and empirical study of political processes.
  • E. “The Logic of American Politics”
    “The Logic of American Politics” is a widely used scholarly textbook that analyzes the institutions, incentives, and collective action problems shaping political behavior and governance in the United States.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior
Triple: [Pippa Norris, notableWork, Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior]
Generated description
"Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior" is a scholarly book by political scientist Pippa Norris that analyzes how different electoral systems shape party competition, voter behavior, and democratic outcomes around the world.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior
Target entity description: "Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior" is a scholarly book by political scientist Pippa Norris that analyzes how different electoral systems shape party competition, voter behavior, and democratic outcomes around the world.
  • A. Elections as Instruments of Democracy: Majoritarian and Proportional Visions
    "Elections as Instruments of Democracy: Majoritarian and Proportional Visions" is a comparative political science book that analyzes how different electoral systems shape democratic representation, accountability, and governance.
  • B. The Michigan model of voting
    The Michigan model of voting is a political science framework that explains voters’ choices primarily through long-term psychological attachments to political parties, shaped by socialization and group identities.
  • C. methodological foundations of election studies
    The methodological foundations of election studies comprise the core research designs, measurement techniques, and analytical approaches that underpin systematic, empirical investigation of electoral behavior and political participation.
  • D. Systematic Politics
    Systematic Politics is a foundational work in political science by Charles E. Merriam that helped establish the behavioral and empirical study of political processes.
  • E. “The Logic of American Politics”
    “The Logic of American Politics” is a widely used scholarly textbook that analyzes the institutions, incentives, and collective action problems shaping political behavior and governance in the United States.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aae5ac3c81908d2b0a3a665665b2 completed April 8, 2026, 7:22 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d88dd321f88190a57ecaf079fbbc3f completed April 10, 2026, 5:42 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69e6e8b1a67481909a05105728acc358 completed April 21, 2026, 3:02 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69e6ef951eb881909810b5923385c4c6 completed April 21, 2026, 3:31 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69e6f94ac2d0819098a3024eaab908b5 completed April 21, 2026, 4:12 a.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:37 p.m.