Triple
T1135218
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Julian Schwinger |
E23122
|
entity |
| Predicate | doctoralStudent |
P167
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Sidney Coleman
Sidney Coleman was an influential American theoretical physicist renowned for his work in quantum field theory and for his exceptional teaching and expository lectures at Harvard University.
|
E137307
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Sidney Coleman | Statement: [Julian Schwinger, doctoralStudent, Sidney Coleman]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sidney Coleman Context triple: [Julian Schwinger, doctoralStudent, Sidney Coleman]
-
A.
Sidney Drell
Sidney Drell was an American theoretical physicist renowned for his contributions to quantum field theory and particle physics, as well as for his influential work in national security and arms control policy.
-
B.
Gerald Guralnik
Gerald Guralnik was an American theoretical physicist best known as one of the co-discoverers of the Higgs mechanism that explains how particles acquire mass.
-
C.
Dan Appelquist
Dan Appelquist is a web standards and open web advocate known for his leadership in internet architecture and governance, including chairing key World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) groups.
-
D.
James M. Bardeen
James M. Bardeen is an American theoretical physicist known for his influential work in general relativity and black hole physics, including contributions to the understanding of Hawking radiation and cosmological perturbation theory.
-
E.
Howard Georgi
Howard Georgi is an American theoretical physicist best known for his pioneering work on grand unified theories and for mentoring generations of influential particle physicists.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Sidney Coleman Triple: [Julian Schwinger, doctoralStudent, Sidney Coleman]
Generated description
Sidney Coleman was an influential American theoretical physicist renowned for his work in quantum field theory and for his exceptional teaching and expository lectures at Harvard University.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sidney Coleman Target entity description: Sidney Coleman was an influential American theoretical physicist renowned for his work in quantum field theory and for his exceptional teaching and expository lectures at Harvard University.
-
A.
Sidney Drell
Sidney Drell was an American theoretical physicist renowned for his contributions to quantum field theory and particle physics, as well as for his influential work in national security and arms control policy.
-
B.
Gerald Guralnik
Gerald Guralnik was an American theoretical physicist best known as one of the co-discoverers of the Higgs mechanism that explains how particles acquire mass.
-
C.
Dan Appelquist
Dan Appelquist is a web standards and open web advocate known for his leadership in internet architecture and governance, including chairing key World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) groups.
-
D.
James M. Bardeen
James M. Bardeen is an American theoretical physicist known for his influential work in general relativity and black hole physics, including contributions to the understanding of Hawking radiation and cosmological perturbation theory.
-
E.
Howard Georgi
Howard Georgi is an American theoretical physicist best known for his pioneering work on grand unified theories and for mentoring generations of influential particle physicists.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69a493ec75988190b63a11bafaec29b4 |
completed | March 1, 2026, 7:30 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69a4bbfffaa48190b2534ff4da3544ce |
completed | March 1, 2026, 10:21 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69ac76405074819089f001916748b466 |
completed | March 7, 2026, 7:02 p.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69ac7864c59c8190bc2fa1ac8ce633db |
completed | March 7, 2026, 7:11 p.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69ac7c57dfe4819081903c188084993b |
completed | March 7, 2026, 7:28 p.m. |
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:44 p.m.