Triple

T11294312
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Hans Queisser E267411 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Shockley–Queisser limit E53321 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Shockley–Queisser limit | Statement: [Hans Queisser, knownFor, Shockley–Queisser limit]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Shockley–Queisser limit
Context triple: [Hans Queisser, knownFor, Shockley–Queisser limit]
  • A. Shockley–Queisser limit chosen
    The Shockley–Queisser limit is a theoretical maximum efficiency for single-junction solar cells, defining the upper bound on how much sunlight can be converted into electricity under standard conditions.
  • B. Yablonovitch limit in light trapping
    The Yablonovitch limit in light trapping is a fundamental theoretical bound that defines the maximum enhancement of optical path length—and thus light absorption—achievable in a dielectric material using scattering and texturing.
  • C. Grätzel cell
    A Grätzel cell is a dye-sensitized solar cell that mimics photosynthesis to convert light into electricity using organic dyes and nanostructured materials.
  • D. Carnot efficiency
    Carnot efficiency is the theoretical maximum efficiency that any heat engine can achieve when operating between two temperatures, serving as a fundamental limit in thermodynamics.
  • E. Shockley diode equation
    The Shockley diode equation is a fundamental formula in semiconductor physics that describes the current–voltage relationship of an ideal p–n junction diode.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d6aac993a08190a6f36445ebaf9a43 completed April 8, 2026, 7:21 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69d7e98b149481909f432a6b9ef8bfbb completed April 9, 2026, 6:01 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69e50a246a3c81909f4f1d32a1b1efeb completed April 19, 2026, 5 p.m.
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:32 p.m.