Triple

T10363643

Position	Surface form	Disambiguated ID	Type / Status
Subject	Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge	`E244194`	entity
Predicate	isCompanionTo	`P22642`	FINISHED
Object	Airplane Flying Handbook The Airplane Flying Handbook is an official FAA manual that provides fundamental guidance on the principles and techniques of flying airplanes for student and certificated pilots.	`E859304`	NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini

Instruction

Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).

Input

Phrase: Airplane Flying Handbook | Statement: [Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, isCompanionTo, Airplane Flying Handbook]

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Airplane Flying Handbook
Context triple: [Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, isCompanionTo, Airplane Flying Handbook]

A. Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
The Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge is an official FAA publication that provides foundational theory and essential background information for student and certificated pilots on topics such as aerodynamics, weather, navigation, and aircraft systems.
B. Instrument Procedures Handbook
The Instrument Procedures Handbook is an FAA publication that provides detailed guidance on the concepts, design, and use of instrument flight procedures for pilots and flight instructors.
C. Aeronautical Information Manual
The Aeronautical Information Manual is the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration’s official guide providing pilots with fundamental information and procedures for operating safely and legally within the National Airspace System.
D. FAA Part 23
FAA Part 23 is a set of U.S. Federal Aviation Administration airworthiness standards that governs the design and certification of small airplanes.
E. Jeppesen Terminal
Jeppesen Terminal is the central passenger terminal complex at Denver International Airport, known for its distinctive tent-like roof structure inspired by the nearby Rocky Mountains.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1

Instruction

Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"

Input

Entity: Airplane Flying Handbook
Triple: [Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, isCompanionTo, Airplane Flying Handbook]

Generated description

The Airplane Flying Handbook is an official FAA manual that provides fundamental guidance on the principles and techniques of flying airplanes for student and certificated pilots.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Airplane Flying Handbook
Target entity description: The Airplane Flying Handbook is an official FAA manual that provides fundamental guidance on the principles and techniques of flying airplanes for student and certificated pilots.

A. Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge
The Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge is an official FAA publication that provides foundational theory and essential background information for student and certificated pilots on topics such as aerodynamics, weather, navigation, and aircraft systems.
B. Instrument Procedures Handbook
The Instrument Procedures Handbook is an FAA publication that provides detailed guidance on the concepts, design, and use of instrument flight procedures for pilots and flight instructors.
C. Aeronautical Information Manual
The Aeronautical Information Manual is the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration’s official guide providing pilots with fundamental information and procedures for operating safely and legally within the National Airspace System.
D. FAA Part 23
FAA Part 23 is a set of U.S. Federal Aviation Administration airworthiness standards that governs the design and certification of small airplanes.
E. Jeppesen Terminal
Jeppesen Terminal is the central passenger terminal complex at Denver International Airport, known for its distinctive tent-like roof structure inspired by the nearby Rocky Mountains.
F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step	Stage	Batch ID	Status	When
creating	Elicitation	`batch_69d381b3e328819094b23b8edcd29b5a`	completed	April 6, 2026, 9:49 a.m.
NER	Named-entity recognition	`batch_69d4e963a6148190822951e72590b9df`	completed	April 7, 2026, 11:24 a.m.
NED1	Entity disambiguation (via context triple)	`batch_69d7953205cc8190ad7f28a7436049bc`	completed	April 9, 2026, 12:01 p.m.
NEDg	Description generation	`batch_69d7975191ac8190b32eb6cc1f5c88aa`	completed	April 9, 2026, 12:10 p.m.
NED2	Entity disambiguation (via description)	`batch_69d798655c7c8190a5da5ef976102285`	completed	April 9, 2026, 12:15 p.m.

Created at: April 6, 2026, noon