Ts'ao-tung school
E952767
The Ts'ao-tung school is a major Chinese Chan (Zen) Buddhist tradition known for emphasizing silent illumination meditation and later giving rise to the Japanese Sōtō Zen school.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ts'ao-tung school canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11770726 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ts'ao-tung school Context triple: [Caodong school, alternativeName, Ts'ao-tung school]
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A.
Cheng school
The Cheng school is a renowned stylistic tradition in Peking opera, distinguished by its unique vocal techniques, performance style, and influential lineage of performers.
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B.
Weishi school
The Weishi school is a Chinese Buddhist tradition that develops and interprets Yogācāra “consciousness-only” philosophy, emphasizing the mind’s role in constructing reality.
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C.
Hongzhou school
The Hongzhou school was an influential Tang dynasty Chan Buddhist tradition known for its iconoclastic teaching style and emphasis on sudden enlightenment.
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D.
Yunmen school
The Yunmen school is a major Chan (Zen) Buddhist lineage known for its concise, paradoxical teachings and influential role in the development of Chinese and East Asian Zen.
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E.
Lu-Wang school
The Lu-Wang school is a major Neo-Confucian philosophical tradition that emphasizes the innate goodness and intuitive moral knowledge of the mind, associated especially with the thinkers Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Yangming.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ts'ao-tung school Target entity description: The Ts'ao-tung school is a major Chinese Chan (Zen) Buddhist tradition known for emphasizing silent illumination meditation and later giving rise to the Japanese Sōtō Zen school.
-
A.
Cheng school
The Cheng school is a renowned stylistic tradition in Peking opera, distinguished by its unique vocal techniques, performance style, and influential lineage of performers.
-
B.
Weishi school
The Weishi school is a Chinese Buddhist tradition that develops and interprets Yogācāra “consciousness-only” philosophy, emphasizing the mind’s role in constructing reality.
-
C.
Hongzhou school
The Hongzhou school was an influential Tang dynasty Chan Buddhist tradition known for its iconoclastic teaching style and emphasis on sudden enlightenment.
-
D.
Yunmen school
The Yunmen school is a major Chan (Zen) Buddhist lineage known for its concise, paradoxical teachings and influential role in the development of Chinese and East Asian Zen.
-
E.
Lu-Wang school
The Lu-Wang school is a major Neo-Confucian philosophical tradition that emphasizes the innate goodness and intuitive moral knowledge of the mind, associated especially with the thinkers Lu Jiuyuan and Wang Yangming.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Buddhist tradition
ⓘ
Chan Buddhist school ⓘ |
| alternativeName |
Caodong Chan
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Caodong school NERFINISHED ⓘ Caodong zong NERFINISHED ⓘ Ts’ao-tung Chan NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Caoshan Benji
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Dongshan Liangjie NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| branchOf | Mahāyāna Buddhism NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| contrastedWith |
Linji school
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Rinzai Zen NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| corePractice |
shikantaza (in Japanese Sōtō adaptation)
ⓘ
sitting meditation ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | China ⓘ |
| distinguishedBy |
gradual cultivation perspective
ⓘ
less emphasis on kōan shouting and striking ⓘ |
| doctrine |
emphasis on inherent Buddha-nature
ⓘ
non-duality of practice and enlightenment ⓘ |
| emphasis |
mozhao chan
ⓘ
silent illumination meditation ⓘ |
| flourishedIn | Song dynasty NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| goal | realization of original enlightenment ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod |
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Tang dynasty NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| influenced |
Dōgen
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Sōtō Zen NERFINISHED ⓘ Sōtō school NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| languageOfOrigin | Chinese ⓘ |
| laterTransmittedBy |
Dayang Jingxuan
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Furong Daokai NERFINISHED ⓘ Tiantong Rujing NERFINISHED ⓘ Touzi Yiqing NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| lineageCoFounder | Caoshan Benji NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| lineageFounder | Dongshan Liangjie NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| meditationStyle |
non-analytical contemplation
ⓘ
objectless meditation ⓘ |
| method |
non-conceptual awareness
ⓘ
quietistic meditation approach ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Caoshan Benji
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Dongshan Liangjie NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| parentTradition | Chan Buddhism NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| philosophicalInfluence |
Madhyamaka
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Yogācāra NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| region | East Asia ⓘ |
| religion | Buddhism ⓘ |
| scriptureUsed |
Mahāyāna sutras
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Prajñāpāramitā sutras NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| transmittedTo |
Dōgen
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Japan NERFINISHED ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ts'ao-tung school Description of subject: The Ts'ao-tung school is a major Chinese Chan (Zen) Buddhist tradition known for emphasizing silent illumination meditation and later giving rise to the Japanese Sōtō Zen school.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.