Torch Lake (Houghton County, Michigan)
E949306
Torch Lake in Houghton County, Michigan is a long, narrow, historically industrial lake on the Keweenaw Peninsula known for its copper mining legacy and distinctive turquoise-colored but contaminated waters.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Torch Lake (Houghton County, Michigan) canonical | 3 |
| Dollar Bay (inlet of Torch Lake) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11845533 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Torch Lake (Houghton County, Michigan) Context triple: [Portage Lake (Michigan), connectedTo, Torch Lake (Houghton County, Michigan)]
-
A.
Torch Lake
Torch Lake is a renowned, crystal-clear freshwater lake in northern Michigan known for its striking turquoise waters and recreational boating and fishing.
-
B.
Sand Lake, Michigan
Sand Lake, Michigan is a small village in Kent County known for its rural community character and proximity to outdoor recreation around its namesake lake.
-
C.
Lake Odessa, Michigan
Lake Odessa, Michigan is a small village in Ionia County known for its rural community character and proximity to several lakes in central Michigan.
-
D.
Lake Linden, Michigan
Lake Linden, Michigan is a small village in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula known for its copper mining heritage and lakeside setting on the Keweenaw Peninsula.
-
E.
Portage Lake (Michigan)
Portage Lake is an inland waterway in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula that forms part of the Keweenaw Waterway, connecting to Lake Superior and supporting shipping, recreation, and the communities of Houghton and Hancock.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Torch Lake (Houghton County, Michigan) Target entity description: Torch Lake in Houghton County, Michigan is a long, narrow, historically industrial lake on the Keweenaw Peninsula known for its copper mining legacy and distinctive turquoise-colored but contaminated waters.
-
A.
Torch Lake
Torch Lake is a renowned, crystal-clear freshwater lake in northern Michigan known for its striking turquoise waters and recreational boating and fishing.
-
B.
Sand Lake, Michigan
Sand Lake, Michigan is a small village in Kent County known for its rural community character and proximity to outdoor recreation around its namesake lake.
-
C.
Lake Odessa, Michigan
Lake Odessa, Michigan is a small village in Ionia County known for its rural community character and proximity to several lakes in central Michigan.
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D.
Lake Linden, Michigan
Lake Linden, Michigan is a small village in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula known for its copper mining heritage and lakeside setting on the Keweenaw Peninsula.
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E.
Portage Lake (Michigan)
Portage Lake is an inland waterway in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula that forms part of the Keweenaw Waterway, connecting to Lake Superior and supporting shipping, recreation, and the communities of Houghton and Hancock.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
lake
ⓘ
natural water body ⓘ |
| connectedTo |
Portage Lake (Michigan)
ⓘ
Torch Lake Canal ⓘ |
| continent | North America ⓘ |
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| designatedAs | Superfund site ⓘ |
| environmentalIssue |
PCB contamination
ⓘ
arsenic contamination ⓘ copper contamination ⓘ heavy metal contamination ⓘ lead contamination ⓘ mercury contamination ⓘ |
| fishConsumptionAdvisory | yes ⓘ |
| historicalUse |
copper ore processing
ⓘ
industrial waste disposal ⓘ |
| industrialHistoryPeriod |
early 20th century
ⓘ
late 19th century ⓘ |
| knownFor |
copper mining legacy
ⓘ
distinctive turquoise-colored water ⓘ industrial contamination ⓘ stamp sand deposits ⓘ |
| length | approximately 6.5 miles ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
Houghton County, Michigan
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Keweenaw Peninsula ⓘ Upper Peninsula of Michigan ⓘ |
| maximumDepth | approximately 115 feet ⓘ |
| nearbyCity |
Dollar Bay, Michigan
ⓘ
Hubbell, Michigan ⓘ
linked to:
Hubbel, Michigan
Lake Linden, Michigan ⓘ Tamarack City, Michigan ⓘ
linked to:
Tamarack, Michigan
|
| partOf | Keweenaw copper mining district ⓘ |
| pollutionSource |
copper milling waste
ⓘ
smelter waste ⓘ stamp mill tailings ⓘ |
| primaryInflow | Trap Rock River ⓘ |
| primaryOutflow | Torch Lake Canal ⓘ |
| recreation |
boating
ⓘ
fishing (with advisories) ⓘ |
| region |
Lake Superior basin
ⓘ
linked to:
Lake Superior Basin
|
| shape | long and narrow ⓘ |
| state |
Michigan
ⓘ
linked to:
Michigan (most of state)
|
| superfundListingYear | 1986 ⓘ |
| superfundProgram |
United States Environmental Protection Agency Superfund
ⓘ
linked to:
Superfund program
|
| surfaceArea | approximately 2,700 acres ⓘ |
| waterColor | turquoise ⓘ |
| waterColorCause |
fine stamp sands
ⓘ
suspended mineral particles ⓘ |
| waterType | freshwater lake ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Torch Lake (Houghton County, Michigan) Description of subject: Torch Lake in Houghton County, Michigan is a long, narrow, historically industrial lake on the Keweenaw Peninsula known for its copper mining legacy and distinctive turquoise-colored but contaminated waters.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Torch Lake (Houghton County, Michigan)