Great Moderation
E8742
The Great Moderation was a period from the mid-1980s to the mid-2000s characterized by unusually stable economic growth and low, steady inflation in many advanced economies, especially the United States.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Great Moderation canonical | 5 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T99735 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Great Moderation Context triple: [Volcker shock, followedBy, Great Moderation]
-
A.
Wirtschaftswunder
Wirtschaftswunder refers to the rapid economic recovery and sustained growth of West Germany after World War II, transforming it into one of the world’s leading industrial economies.
-
B.
the "Volcker shock" in U.S. monetary policy
The "Volcker shock" in U.S. monetary policy refers to the dramatic interest rate hikes and tight monetary stance of the early 1980s aimed at breaking entrenched inflation, which triggered a deep recession but ultimately restored price stability and reshaped central banking practice.
-
C.
A Treatise on Money
A Treatise on Money is an influential two-volume work by economist John Maynard Keynes that analyzes the functioning of monetary systems, credit, and business cycles in modern economies.
-
D.
The City That Works
"The City That Works" is a civic motto highlighting Portland, Oregon’s reputation for effective local governance, urban planning, and livability.
-
E.
Fireside chats on banking crisis
The Fireside chats on the banking crisis were Franklin D. Roosevelt’s early radio addresses reassuring Americans about the safety of the banking system and explaining his New Deal measures to restore financial stability.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Great Moderation Target entity description: The Great Moderation was a period from the mid-1980s to the mid-2000s characterized by unusually stable economic growth and low, steady inflation in many advanced economies, especially the United States.
-
A.
Wirtschaftswunder
Wirtschaftswunder refers to the rapid economic recovery and sustained growth of West Germany after World War II, transforming it into one of the world’s leading industrial economies.
-
B.
the "Volcker shock" in U.S. monetary policy
The "Volcker shock" in U.S. monetary policy refers to the dramatic interest rate hikes and tight monetary stance of the early 1980s aimed at breaking entrenched inflation, which triggered a deep recession but ultimately restored price stability and reshaped central banking practice.
-
C.
A Treatise on Money
A Treatise on Money is an influential two-volume work by economist John Maynard Keynes that analyzes the functioning of monetary systems, credit, and business cycles in modern economies.
-
D.
The City That Works
"The City That Works" is a civic motto highlighting Portland, Oregon’s reputation for effective local governance, urban planning, and livability.
-
E.
Fireside chats on banking crisis
The Fireside chats on the banking crisis were Franklin D. Roosevelt’s early radio addresses reassuring Americans about the safety of the banking system and explaining his New Deal measures to restore financial stability.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
economic phenomenon
ⓘ
macroeconomic period ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
decline in consumption volatility
ⓘ
decline in employment volatility ⓘ decline in inflation volatility ⓘ decline in investment volatility ⓘ decline in output volatility ⓘ |
| characterizedBy |
low inflation
ⓘ
reduced macroeconomic volatility ⓘ stable economic growth ⓘ steady inflation ⓘ |
| contrastedWith |
Great Inflation
ⓘ
2008 United States housing and financial crisis ⓘ
surface form:
Great Recession
|
| debatedBy | economists ⓘ |
| documentedBy | empirical time-series studies ⓘ |
| especiallyObservedIn |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| hasAlternativeName | period of reduced macroeconomic volatility ⓘ |
| hasEndTime | mid-2000s ⓘ |
| hasGeographicFocus |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| hasKeyFeature |
more predictable inflation
ⓘ
reduced frequency of severe recessions ⓘ smaller business cycle fluctuations ⓘ |
| hasMeasurement |
lower variance of inflation
ⓘ
lower variance of real GDP growth ⓘ |
| hasProposedCause |
financial innovation
ⓘ
globalization ⓘ good luck hypothesis ⓘ improved monetary policy ⓘ inventory management improvements ⓘ structural economic changes ⓘ |
| hasStartTime | mid-1980s ⓘ |
| linkedTo |
Taylor rule–type monetary policy
ⓘ
central bank independence ⓘ inflation targeting policies ⓘ |
| namedBy |
James Stock
ⓘ
Mark Watson ⓘ |
| observedIn |
Australia
ⓘ
Canada ⓘ Eurozone ⓘ
surface form:
Euro area
United Kingdom ⓘ |
| occursIn | advanced economies ⓘ |
| precedes |
2007–2008 financial crisis
ⓘ
2008 United States housing and financial crisis ⓘ
surface form:
Great Recession
|
| questionedAfter | global financial crisis of 2007–2009 ⓘ |
| studiedInField |
macroeconomics
ⓘ
monetary economics ⓘ |
| timePeriodOf | post-World War II U.S. economy ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Great Moderation Description of subject: The Great Moderation was a period from the mid-1980s to the mid-2000s characterized by unusually stable economic growth and low, steady inflation in many advanced economies, especially the United States.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Volcker shock