Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol
E870834
The Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol is an international agreement that strengthened global ozone protection by introducing controls on additional ozone-depleting substances and tightening phase-out schedules established under the original Montreal Protocol.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10508013 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol Context triple: [Copenhagen Amendment, precedes, Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol]
-
A.
London Amendment to the Montreal Protocol
The London Amendment to the Montreal Protocol is a 1990 international agreement that significantly strengthened global controls on ozone-depleting substances by expanding the list of regulated chemicals and accelerating phase-out schedules.
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B.
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is a landmark international environmental treaty that phases out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances to protect the Earth's stratospheric ozone layer.
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C.
Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol
The Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol is the main decision-making body where countries regularly convene to review implementation, adopt adjustments and amendments, and guide global action to protect the ozone layer.
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D.
Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol
The Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol is a financial mechanism that assists developing countries in meeting their obligations to phase out ozone-depleting substances under the Montreal Protocol.
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E.
Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer
The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer is a 1985 international environmental treaty that established a global framework for cooperation to protect the stratospheric ozone layer, underpinning later agreements to control ozone-depleting substances.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol Target entity description: The Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol is an international agreement that strengthened global ozone protection by introducing controls on additional ozone-depleting substances and tightening phase-out schedules established under the original Montreal Protocol.
-
A.
London Amendment to the Montreal Protocol
The London Amendment to the Montreal Protocol is a 1990 international agreement that significantly strengthened global controls on ozone-depleting substances by expanding the list of regulated chemicals and accelerating phase-out schedules.
-
B.
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer is a landmark international environmental treaty that phases out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances to protect the Earth's stratospheric ozone layer.
-
C.
Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol
The Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol is the main decision-making body where countries regularly convene to review implementation, adopt adjustments and amendments, and guide global action to protect the ozone layer.
-
D.
Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol
The Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol is a financial mechanism that assists developing countries in meeting their obligations to phase out ozone-depleting substances under the Montreal Protocol.
-
E.
Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer
The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer is a 1985 international environmental treaty that established a global framework for cooperation to protect the stratospheric ozone layer, underpinning later agreements to control ozone-depleting substances.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
international environmental agreement
ⓘ
treaty amendment ⓘ |
| adoptedAt | Ninth Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| adoptedBy | Parties to the Montreal Protocol ⓘ |
| adoptedInCity | Montreal NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| adoptedInCountry | Canada NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| adoptedOn | 1997-09-17 ⓘ |
| adopts |
new control measures for bromochloromethane
ⓘ
new control measures for hydrochlorofluorocarbons ⓘ new control measures for methyl bromide ⓘ |
| aimsTo |
strengthen controls on ozone-depleting substances
ⓘ
tighten phase-out schedules for ozone-depleting substances ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Montreal Amendment NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
developed countries
ⓘ
developing countries ⓘ |
| buildsOn | Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| category |
1997 in international relations
ⓘ
1997 in the environment ⓘ United Nations treaty NERFINISHED ⓘ ozone protection treaty ⓘ |
| depositary | Secretary-General of the United Nations ⓘ |
| enteredIntoForceOn | 1999-01-01 ⓘ |
| environmentalDomain |
atmospheric protection
ⓘ
stratospheric ozone layer ⓘ |
| establishes | control measures for trade with non-Parties in controlled substances ⓘ |
| follows | Copenhagen Amendment to the Montreal Protocol NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasEffectOn |
consumption of ozone-depleting substances
ⓘ
international trade in ozone-depleting substances ⓘ production of ozone-depleting substances ⓘ |
| introduces |
licensing system for imports and exports of controlled substances
ⓘ
trade controls on new substances ⓘ |
| language |
Arabic
ⓘ
Chinese ⓘ English ⓘ French ⓘ Russian ⓘ Spanish ⓘ |
| legalStatus | in force ⓘ |
| locatedInJurisdiction | international law ⓘ |
| partOf | Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| precedes | Beijing Amendment to the Montreal Protocol NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| relatedTo | Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| requires |
licensing of exports of new, used, recycled and reclaimed controlled substances
ⓘ
licensing of imports of new, used, recycled and reclaimed controlled substances ⓘ |
| strengthens |
phase-out schedules for hydrochlorofluorocarbons
ⓘ
phase-out schedules for methyl bromide ⓘ phase-out schedules for other ozone-depleting substances ⓘ |
| subject |
ozone layer protection
ⓘ
ozone-depleting substances ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol Description of subject: The Montreal Amendment to the Montreal Protocol is an international agreement that strengthened global ozone protection by introducing controls on additional ozone-depleting substances and tightening phase-out schedules established under the original Montreal Protocol.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.