zeroth law of black hole mechanics
E844096
The zeroth law of black hole mechanics states that the surface gravity of a stationary black hole is constant over its event horizon, analogous to the uniform temperature in thermal equilibrium in thermodynamics.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| zeroth law of black hole mechanics canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T10147841 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: zeroth law of black hole mechanics Context triple: [The four laws of black hole mechanics, hasPart, zeroth law of black hole mechanics]
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A.
“The four laws of black hole mechanics”
“The four laws of black hole mechanics” is a foundational 1973 paper in theoretical physics that established the analogy between black hole dynamics and the laws of thermodynamics, laying the groundwork for black hole thermodynamics.
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B.
black hole no-hair theorem
The black hole no-hair theorem is a principle in general relativity stating that stationary black holes are completely characterized by only a few macroscopic parameters—mass, electric charge, and angular momentum—regardless of the details of the matter that formed them.
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C.
Bekenstein–Hawking entropy
Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is the thermodynamic entropy associated with a black hole, proportional to the area of its event horizon and fundamental in linking gravity, quantum theory, and thermodynamics.
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D.
The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes
The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes is a landmark monograph that presents a rigorous, comprehensive treatment of the physics and mathematics underlying black hole solutions in general relativity.
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E.
Zeldovich–Novikov theory of black holes
The Zeldovich–Novikov theory of black holes is a foundational theoretical framework that analyzes the formation, structure, and astrophysical properties of black holes within the context of general relativity and high-energy astrophysics.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: zeroth law of black hole mechanics Target entity description: The zeroth law of black hole mechanics states that the surface gravity of a stationary black hole is constant over its event horizon, analogous to the uniform temperature in thermal equilibrium in thermodynamics.
-
A.
“The four laws of black hole mechanics”
“The four laws of black hole mechanics” is a foundational 1973 paper in theoretical physics that established the analogy between black hole dynamics and the laws of thermodynamics, laying the groundwork for black hole thermodynamics.
-
B.
black hole no-hair theorem
The black hole no-hair theorem is a principle in general relativity stating that stationary black holes are completely characterized by only a few macroscopic parameters—mass, electric charge, and angular momentum—regardless of the details of the matter that formed them.
-
C.
Bekenstein–Hawking entropy
Bekenstein–Hawking entropy is the thermodynamic entropy associated with a black hole, proportional to the area of its event horizon and fundamental in linking gravity, quantum theory, and thermodynamics.
-
D.
The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes
The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes is a landmark monograph that presents a rigorous, comprehensive treatment of the physics and mathematics underlying black hole solutions in general relativity.
-
E.
Zeldovich–Novikov theory of black holes
The Zeldovich–Novikov theory of black holes is a foundational theoretical framework that analyzes the formation, structure, and astrophysical properties of black holes within the context of general relativity and high-energy astrophysics.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
analogue of zeroth law of thermodynamics
ⓘ
law of black hole mechanics ⓘ physical law ⓘ |
| analogousTo |
uniform temperature in thermal equilibrium
ⓘ
zeroth law of thermodynamics ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
Kerr black hole
ⓘ
linked to:
Kerr metric
Reissner–Nordström black hole ⓘ
linked to:
Reissner–Nordström metric
Schwarzschild black hole ⓘ event horizon ⓘ stationary black hole ⓘ |
| assumes |
Einstein field equations
ⓘ
dominant energy condition ⓘ existence of a Killing horizon ⓘ stationarity of the black hole spacetime ⓘ |
| category | classical result in general relativity ⓘ |
| concerns |
event horizon uniformity
ⓘ
surface gravity ⓘ |
| connectedTo |
event horizon rigidity theorems
ⓘ
no-hair theorems ⓘ
linked to:
black hole no-hair theorem
|
| describedIn |
Bardeen–Carter–Hawking 1973 paper on four laws of black hole mechanics
ⓘ
linked to:
“The four laws of black hole mechanics”
|
| describes | constancy of surface gravity κ on the horizon ⓘ |
| field |
black hole thermodynamics
ⓘ
general relativity ⓘ gravitational physics ⓘ |
| formulatedBy |
Brandon Carter
ⓘ
Jacob Bekenstein ⓘ James M. Bardeen ⓘ Stephen Hawking ⓘ |
| historicalContext | early 1970s ⓘ |
| holdsFor |
asymptotically flat stationary black holes
ⓘ
axisymmetric stationary black holes ⓘ |
| implies | black hole horizon is in thermal equilibrium ⓘ |
| inspired | development of black hole thermodynamics ⓘ |
| mathematicalFormulation | κ is constant over a connected component of the event horizon of a stationary black hole ⓘ |
| partOf | four laws of black hole mechanics ⓘ |
| precedes |
first law of black hole mechanics
ⓘ
second law of black hole mechanics ⓘ third law of black hole mechanics ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Killing horizon surface gravity definition
ⓘ
Killing vector field normal to the horizon ⓘ |
| relatesConceptuallyTo |
Hawking temperature
ⓘ
black hole temperature ⓘ surface gravity–temperature proportionality ⓘ |
| requires | non-extremal black hole ⓘ |
| states | surface gravity is constant over the event horizon of a stationary black hole ⓘ |
| usedIn |
arguments for associating temperature with black holes
ⓘ
derivation of black hole thermodynamic analogies ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
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Instruction
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Input
Subject: zeroth law of black hole mechanics Description of subject: The zeroth law of black hole mechanics states that the surface gravity of a stationary black hole is constant over its event horizon, analogous to the uniform temperature in thermal equilibrium in thermodynamics.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
“The four laws of black hole mechanics”