Old Spanish

E81604

Old Spanish is the historical form of the Spanish language spoken in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages, from which modern Spanish and Judeo-Spanish (Ladino) evolved.

AI illustration

How this image was made

AI-generated illustration of Old Spanish

This AI-generated illustration was produced by black-forest-labs/FLUX.2-dev (1024x1024) from a prompt written by openai/gpt-oss-120b from the entity's label + description.

Prompt

Generate an image of Old Spanish (Old Spanish is the historical form of the Spanish language spoken in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages, from which modern Spanish and Judeo-Spanish (Ladino) evolved.)

All labels observed (5)

Label Occurrences
Old Spanish canonical 30
Old Castilian 16
Medieval Castilian 5

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (59)

Predicate Object
instanceOf Ibero-Romance language
Romance language
historical language
country Kingdom of Castile
linked to: Castile
developsFrom Mozarabic
linked to: Mozarabic language

Vulgar Latin
developsInto Asturleonese Spanish varieties
linked to: Asturian language

Judeo-Spanish
Ladino
Modern Spanish
endTime 15th century
era medieval period
followedBy Early Modern Spanish
Modern Spanish
follows Vulgar Latin
hasFeature case distinctions largely lost compared to Latin
distinct phonemes /ʎ/ and /ʝ/
retention of initial f- before vowels in many words
two-gender system (masculine and feminine)
use of clitic pronoun system ancestral to Modern Spanish
use of future and conditional forms derived from Latin infinitive + habere
use of letters x, j, g to represent different sibilant sounds
use of non-standardized orthography
use of synthetic preterite forms
use of voiced sibilants distinct from voiceless sibilants
use of yeísmo not yet generalized
hasPart Castilian dialect of the Middle Ages
Navarro-Aragonese varieties
influenced Judeo-Spanish lexicon
Modern Spanish phonology
Spanish orthographic traditions
influencedBy Arabic language
linked to: Arabic

Basque language
linked to: Basque

Mozarabic dialects
Occitan
ISO639-3Code osp
languageFamily Ibero-Romance languages
Indo-European languages
Italic languages
Romance languages
Western Romance languages
notableWorkInLanguage Cantar de mio Cid
Fuero Juzgo
Glosas Emilianenses
Glosas Silenses
Siete Partidas
significantEvent loss of initial Latin f- in many words
palatalization of Latin consonant clusters
phonological merger of /b/ and /v/
spokenIn Crown of Aragon
Iberian Peninsula
Kingdom of León
Kingdom of Navarre
startTime 10th century
subclassOf Spanish language
linked to: Spanish
usedFor legal documents in medieval Castile
literary works in medieval Iberia
usedIn Middle Ages
writingSystem Latin script

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (53)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Ladino (Judeo-Spanish) derivedFrom Old Spanish
Ladino (Judeo-Spanish) derivedFrom Medieval Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Reconquista languageUsed Old Spanish
Popular Latin developedInto Old Spanish
Haketia hasAncestor Old Spanish
Haketia hasAncestor Medieval Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
House of Ivrea language Old Spanish
Judezmo developedFrom Old Spanish
Judezmo developedFrom Medieval Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Peninsular Spanish developedFrom Old Spanish
General estoria language Old Spanish
Tercera Partida language Old Spanish
Sexta Partida language Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Carolingian County of Barcelona developedLanguage Old Catalan
linked to: Old Spanish
Modern Spanish follows Old Spanish
Modern Spanish developedFrom Old Spanish
Hakitia derivedFrom Old Spanish
Sancho IV of Castile languageOfCourt Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Berengaria of Castile languageUsed Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Early Modern Spanish follows Old Spanish
Early Modern Spanish developedFrom Old Spanish
Spanyolit hasOriginLanguage Old Spanish
Spanyolit hasOriginLanguage Medieval Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
CORDE corpus covers Old Spanish
CORDE corpus covers Classical Spanish
linked to: Old Spanish
John I of Castile languageOfRecord Medieval Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Navarrese Romance closelyRelatedTo Old Spanish
West Iberian hasPart Old Spanish
Central Extremaduran hasAncestor Old Spanish
Southern Extremaduran hasAncestor Old Spanish
Alfonso of Castile language Old Spanish
Diego López V de Haro languageContext Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Ferdinand de la Cerda languageOfUse Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Alfonso of Molina language Old Spanish
Henry of Castile the Senator languageSpoken Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Eleanor of Castile, Queen of Aragon languageSpokenWrittenOrSigned Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Almohad–Castilian wars languageOfSources Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Ferdinand of Castile, Lord of Ledesma languageOfEnvironment Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Third Part of the General estoria language Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Alfonsine legal reforms language Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Third Part language Old Spanish
Third Partida language Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Sixth Partida originalLanguage Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
Seventh Partida originalLanguage Old Castilian
linked to: Old Spanish
fueros language Old Spanish