Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982)
E809989
Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982), is a U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down a state initiative restricting school busing for desegregation as an unconstitutional restructuring of the political process to the detriment of racial minorities.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T9607477 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982) Context triple: [Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (dissent on affirmative action), reliesOnPrecedent, Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982)]
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A.
Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1
Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 is a 2007 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited the use of race in public school student assignment plans under the Equal Protection Clause.
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B.
Board of Education v. Pico
Board of Education v. Pico is a 1982 U.S. Supreme Court case in which a divided Court held that public school boards may not remove books from school libraries simply because they dislike the ideas contained in them, recognizing students’ limited First Amendment right to receive information.
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C.
Lee v. Weisman
Lee v. Weisman is a 1992 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held clergy-led prayer at public school graduation ceremonies unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.
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D.
Abood v. Detroit Board of Education
Abood v. Detroit Board of Education was a 1977 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of mandatory public-sector union agency fees from nonmembers under the First Amendment.
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E.
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier is a 1988 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited student First Amendment rights by allowing public school officials greater authority to regulate school-sponsored student speech, such as in school newspapers.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982) Target entity description: Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982), is a U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down a state initiative restricting school busing for desegregation as an unconstitutional restructuring of the political process to the detriment of racial minorities.
-
A.
Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1
Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1 is a 2007 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited the use of race in public school student assignment plans under the Equal Protection Clause.
-
B.
Board of Education v. Pico
Board of Education v. Pico is a 1982 U.S. Supreme Court case in which a divided Court held that public school boards may not remove books from school libraries simply because they dislike the ideas contained in them, recognizing students’ limited First Amendment right to receive information.
-
C.
Lee v. Weisman
Lee v. Weisman is a 1992 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held clergy-led prayer at public school graduation ceremonies unconstitutional under the Establishment Clause.
-
D.
Abood v. Detroit Board of Education
Abood v. Detroit Board of Education was a 1977 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of mandatory public-sector union agency fees from nonmembers under the First Amendment.
-
E.
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier
Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier is a 1988 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited student First Amendment rights by allowing public school officials greater authority to regulate school-sponsored student speech, such as in school newspapers.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
civil rights case ⓘ education law case ⓘ |
| appliedStandardOfReview | strict scrutiny ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
constitutional law
ⓘ
education policy ⓘ |
| citation | 458 U.S. 457 ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted | Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1982 ⓘ |
| decisionType | majority decision ⓘ |
| decisionYear | 1982 ⓘ |
| dissentBy |
Byron R. White
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
William H. Rehnquist NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| effect | limited states’ ability to use initiatives to block local school desegregation efforts ⓘ |
| holding |
a state may not restructure the political process in a way that places special burdens on racial minorities seeking beneficial legislation
ⓘ
a statewide initiative that removes from local school boards the authority to adopt voluntary desegregative busing plans violates the Equal Protection Clause when it singles out racial issues for different treatment ⓘ |
| issue | constitutionality of a state initiative restricting school busing for desegregation ⓘ |
| joinedByInMajority |
John Paul Stevens
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Lewis F. Powell Jr. NERFINISHED ⓘ Sandra Day O’Connor NERFINISHED ⓘ Thurgood Marshall NERFINISHED ⓘ Warren E. Burger NERFINISHED ⓘ William J. Brennan Jr. NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| keyword |
desegregation busing
ⓘ
political restructuring ⓘ racial minorities ⓘ state initiative ⓘ |
| legalDoctrine | political process doctrine ⓘ |
| legalPrinciple | the state may not use the political process to make it more difficult for racial minorities to obtain legislation in their interest ⓘ |
| locationOfSchoolDistrict | Seattle, Washington GENERATED ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy | Harry A. Blackmun NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| party |
Seattle School District No. 1
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
State of Washington NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| proceduralPosture | appeal from the Supreme Court of Washington ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Hunter v. Erickson, 393 U.S. 385 (1969)
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Reitman v. Mulkey, 387 U.S. 369 (1967) NERFINISHED ⓘ Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, 572 U.S. 291 (2014) NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| remedy | invalidated state initiative restricting desegregative busing ⓘ |
| stateInvolved | Washington NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| struckDown | Washington State Initiative 350 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
racial discrimination in education
ⓘ
school desegregation ⓘ student busing ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982) Description of subject: Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982), is a U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down a state initiative restricting school busing for desegregation as an unconstitutional restructuring of the political process to the detriment of racial minorities.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action (dissent on affirmative action)
→
reliesOnPrecedent
→
Washington v. Seattle School District No. 1, 458 U.S. 457 (1982)
ⓘ