Battle of Cholula
E724785
The Battle of Cholula was a pivotal 1519 confrontation during Hernán Cortés’s conquest of the Aztec Empire, marked by a massacre in the city of Cholula carried out with crucial support from the Tlaxcalans.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Battle of Cholula canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8306745 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Cholula Context triple: [Tlaxcalans, tookPartIn, Battle of Cholula]
-
A.
Battle of Aculco
The Battle of Aculco was a key 1810 royalist victory during the early Mexican War of Independence, where Spanish forces decisively defeated Miguel Hidalgo’s insurgent army and temporarily halted the rebel advance.
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B.
Battle of Zepita
The Battle of Zepita was an 1823 engagement in the Peruvian War of Independence in which patriot forces fought Spanish royalist troops near Lake Titicaca in southern Peru.
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C.
Battle of Tacuzcalco
The Battle of Tacuzcalco was a key early 16th-century clash between Spanish conquistadors and Indigenous forces in what is now El Salvador, contributing significantly to the consolidation of Spanish colonial control in the region.
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D.
Battle of Queseras del Medio
The Battle of Queseras del Medio was a notable 1819 engagement in the Venezuelan War of Independence, where llanero cavalry under José Antonio Páez used daring hit-and-run tactics to defeat a larger Spanish royalist force.
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E.
Battle of Huaqui
The Battle of Huaqui was a major 1811 royalist victory over revolutionary forces that halted the early advance of the Argentine-led independence movement into Upper Peru (modern Bolivia).
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Cholula Target entity description: The Battle of Cholula was a pivotal 1519 confrontation during Hernán Cortés’s conquest of the Aztec Empire, marked by a massacre in the city of Cholula carried out with crucial support from the Tlaxcalans.
-
A.
Battle of Aculco
The Battle of Aculco was a key 1810 royalist victory during the early Mexican War of Independence, where Spanish forces decisively defeated Miguel Hidalgo’s insurgent army and temporarily halted the rebel advance.
-
B.
Battle of Zepita
The Battle of Zepita was an 1823 engagement in the Peruvian War of Independence in which patriot forces fought Spanish royalist troops near Lake Titicaca in southern Peru.
-
C.
Battle of Tacuzcalco
The Battle of Tacuzcalco was a key early 16th-century clash between Spanish conquistadors and Indigenous forces in what is now El Salvador, contributing significantly to the consolidation of Spanish colonial control in the region.
-
D.
Battle of Queseras del Medio
The Battle of Queseras del Medio was a notable 1819 engagement in the Venezuelan War of Independence, where llanero cavalry under José Antonio Páez used daring hit-and-run tactics to defeat a larger Spanish royalist force.
-
E.
Battle of Huaqui
The Battle of Huaqui was a major 1811 royalist victory over revolutionary forces that halted the early advance of the Argentine-led independence movement into Upper Peru (modern Bolivia).
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
battle
ⓘ
massacre ⓘ |
| allegedCause |
Cortés’s desire to send a warning to the Aztec Empire
ⓘ
Spanish claim of a Cholulan–Aztec plot to ambush them ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Massacre of Cholula NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Great Pyramid of Cholula
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Moctezuma II NERFINISHED ⓘ Tlaxcala NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| belligerent |
Cholulan authorities allied with the Aztec Empire
ⓘ
Spanish forces under Hernán Cortés ⓘ Tlaxcalan allies ⓘ |
| casualties |
Tlaxcalan casualties not well documented
ⓘ
few Spanish casualties ⓘ thousands of Cholulan inhabitants killed ⓘ |
| commander |
Hernán Cortés
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Tlaxcalan leaders NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| conflictType | mass killing of civilians and nobles ⓘ |
| countryAtTime | Aztec Empire NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| date | 1519 ⓘ |
| followedBy |
Spanish march to Tenochtitlan
ⓘ
meeting of Hernán Cortés and Moctezuma II in Tenochtitlan ⓘ |
| hasSignificance |
demonstrated Spanish–Tlaxcalan military alliance
ⓘ
pivotal event in the advance toward Tenochtitlan ⓘ used by Cortés to terrorize potential opponents ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod |
Age of Discovery
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
early 16th century Mesoamerica ⓘ |
| impact |
encouraged some indigenous polities to ally with the Spanish
ⓘ
weakened Aztec prestige among subject cities ⓘ |
| involved | Aztec emissaries and influence in Cholula ⓘ |
| involvedEthnicGroup |
Cholulans
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Nahua peoples NERFINISHED ⓘ Spaniards NERFINISHED ⓘ Tlaxcalans NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| languageOfPrimaryAccounts | Spanish ⓘ |
| location |
Central Mexico
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Cholula NERFINISHED ⓘ Cholula, Puebla NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| partOf | Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| precededBy | Spanish–Tlaxcalan War NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| primarySource |
Bernal Díaz del Castillo’s "The True History of the Conquest of New Spain"
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Hernán Cortés’s letters to Charles V NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| region | Mesoamerica NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| result |
decisive Spanish–Tlaxcalan victory
ⓘ
intimidation of other Mesoamerican polities ⓘ massacre of Cholulan inhabitants ⓘ |
| supportedBy | Tlaxcalans NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| year | 1519 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Battle of Cholula Description of subject: The Battle of Cholula was a pivotal 1519 confrontation during Hernán Cortés’s conquest of the Aztec Empire, marked by a massacre in the city of Cholula carried out with crucial support from the Tlaxcalans.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.