somatic marker hypothesis
E661634
The somatic marker hypothesis is a theory in neuroscience and psychology proposing that bodily-based emotional signals guide decision-making, especially under uncertainty or complexity.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| somatic marker hypothesis canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7411131 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: somatic marker hypothesis Context triple: [James–Lange theory of emotion, influenced, somatic marker hypothesis]
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A.
James–Lange theory of emotion
The James–Lange theory of emotion is a psychological theory proposing that emotions arise from the perception of physiological changes in the body, such as increased heart rate or sweating, rather than causing those changes.
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B.
Cannon–Bard theory of emotion
The Cannon–Bard theory of emotion proposes that emotional experiences and physiological responses occur simultaneously and independently, rather than one causing the other.
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C.
The Emotion Machine
The Emotion Machine is a 2006 book by artificial intelligence pioneer Marvin Minsky that explores how human thinking and emotions can be understood as computational processes of the mind.
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D.
Neuro: The New Brain Sciences and the Management of the Mind
"Neuro: The New Brain Sciences and the Management of the Mind" is a scholarly book that critically examines how contemporary neuroscience reshapes understandings of the mind, behavior, and social governance.
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E.
Reaching the Animal Mind
Reaching the Animal Mind is a book by animal behaviorist Karen Pryor that explores the science and practice of clicker training and positive reinforcement in animals.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: somatic marker hypothesis Target entity description: The somatic marker hypothesis is a theory in neuroscience and psychology proposing that bodily-based emotional signals guide decision-making, especially under uncertainty or complexity.
-
A.
James–Lange theory of emotion
The James–Lange theory of emotion is a psychological theory proposing that emotions arise from the perception of physiological changes in the body, such as increased heart rate or sweating, rather than causing those changes.
-
B.
Cannon–Bard theory of emotion
The Cannon–Bard theory of emotion proposes that emotional experiences and physiological responses occur simultaneously and independently, rather than one causing the other.
-
C.
The Emotion Machine
The Emotion Machine is a 2006 book by artificial intelligence pioneer Marvin Minsky that explores how human thinking and emotions can be understood as computational processes of the mind.
-
D.
Neuro: The New Brain Sciences and the Management of the Mind
"Neuro: The New Brain Sciences and the Management of the Mind" is a scholarly book that critically examines how contemporary neuroscience reshapes understandings of the mind, behavior, and social governance.
-
E.
Reaching the Animal Mind
Reaching the Animal Mind is a book by animal behaviorist Karen Pryor that explores the science and practice of clicker training and positive reinforcement in animals.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
neuroscientific theory
ⓘ
psychological theory ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
decision-making under complexity
ⓘ
decision-making under uncertainty ⓘ real-life social decisions ⓘ risk-based decision-making ⓘ |
| associatedTask | Iowa Gambling Task NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| coDevelopedBy | Antoine Bechara NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| contrastsWith | classical rational choice models that treat emotion as noise ⓘ |
| coreIdea |
bodily-based emotional signals influence decision-making
ⓘ
emotion and feeling are integral to rational decision-making ⓘ somatic states bias choices toward advantageous options ⓘ |
| criticizedFor |
difficulty in distinguishing somatic markers from other affective or cognitive signals
ⓘ
lack of precise operationalization of somatic markers ⓘ mixed empirical support in some experimental paradigms ⓘ |
| field |
cognitive neuroscience
ⓘ
neuropsychology ⓘ neuroscience NERFINISHED ⓘ psychology ⓘ |
| influenced |
clinical models of decision deficits in frontal lobe patients
ⓘ
theories of emotion-based decision-making ⓘ |
| influencedBy | Antonio Damasio’s work on emotion and reason ⓘ |
| keyConcept |
body-state representation
ⓘ
emotional biasing signal ⓘ gut feeling ⓘ somatic marker ⓘ |
| mechanism |
re-enactment of somatic states during deliberation biases option evaluation
ⓘ
somatic signals can operate consciously or nonconsciously ⓘ visceral and bodily responses are associated with outcomes of choices ⓘ |
| neuralBasis |
amygdala
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
brainstem autonomic nuclei ⓘ insula ⓘ orbitofrontal cortex NERFINISHED ⓘ ventromedial prefrontal cortex NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| predicts |
autonomic responses precede conscious knowledge of advantageous choices in the Iowa Gambling Task
ⓘ
damage to ventromedial prefrontal cortex impairs real-life decision-making ⓘ patients with ventromedial prefrontal lesions fail to generate anticipatory somatic responses to disadvantageous options ⓘ |
| proposedBy | Antonio Damasio NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| publicationContext | Descartes’ Error NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
affective neuroscience
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
dual-process theories of decision-making ⓘ embodied cognition ⓘ prospect theory NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| supportsView | emotion is necessary for effective rationality ⓘ |
| timePeriod | 1990s ⓘ |
| usedIn |
neuroeconomic models of choice
ⓘ
research on addiction and impulsivity ⓘ research on psychopathology and personality disorders ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: somatic marker hypothesis Description of subject: The somatic marker hypothesis is a theory in neuroscience and psychology proposing that bodily-based emotional signals guide decision-making, especially under uncertainty or complexity.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.