Old Aramaic

E657281

Old Aramaic is an early stage of the Aramaic language used in the first millennium BCE across parts of the ancient Near East, known from inscriptions and documents of various Aramaean kingdoms and empires.

All labels observed (1)

Label Occurrences
Old Aramaic canonical 8

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (54)

Predicate Object
instanceOf Aramaic language variety
Northwest Semitic language variety
stage of language
attestedIn administrative documents
dedicatory inscriptions
funerary inscriptions
inscriptions
royal inscriptions
chronologicalStageOf Aramaic
developedFrom Proto-Aramaic
earlier Northwest Semitic dialects
earliestAttestations 10th century BCE inscriptions
followedBy Imperial Aramaic
Official Aramaic
linked to: Imperial Aramaic
hasFeature case endings largely reduced compared to Classical Semitic
consonantal writing without vowel letters
definite state marked by suffix
use of matres lectionis in later phases
influenced Hebrew script development
Imperial Aramaic script
linked to: Imperial Aramaic

later Aramaic dialects
ISO639-3 oar
languageBranch Northwest Semitic
languageFamily Afroasiatic languages
Semitic languages
notableInscription Bar-Rakib inscriptions
Sefire treaties
Tel Dan Stele
linked to: Tel Dan

Zakkur Inscription
partOf Aramaic language history
region Levant
linked to: Levant region

Syria
Upper Mesopotamia
ancient Near East
scriptFamily Aramaic script
Northwest Semitic scripts
status extinct language stage
subclassOf Aramaic
Northwest Semitic languages
linked to: Northwest Semitic

Semitic languages
typology fusional language
usedBy Aramaean city-states
linked to: Aramean kingdoms

Aramaean kingdoms
linked to: Aramean kingdoms

Neo-Assyrian Empire administration (in some contexts)
Syro-Hittite states
linked to: Neo-Hittite states
usedInCentury 10th century BCE
6th century BCE
7th century BCE
8th century BCE
9th century BCE
usedInPeriod first millennium BCE
writingDirection right-to-left
writingSystem Old Aramaic alphabet
consonantal alphabet

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (8)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Imperial Aramaic predecessor Old Aramaic
Arameans associatedLanguagePhase Old Aramaic
Nochiya dialect hasAncestor Old Aramaic
Western Middle Aramaic hasAncestor Old Aramaic
Bohtan Neo-Aramaic hasAncestor Old Aramaic
Aramaic language continuum hasPart Old Aramaic
Central Neo-Aramaic distinctFrom Old Aramaic
Salamas Assyrian hasAncestor Old Aramaic