Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022
E626411
The Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022 is a U.S. federal law that modernizes regulation of the ocean freight industry, strengthening oversight of ocean carriers and addressing issues like unfair fees, export backlogs, and supply chain disruptions.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022 canonical | 4 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T6876604 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022 Context triple: [Shipping Act of 1984, amendedBy, Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022]
-
A.
Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998
The Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 is a U.S. federal law that modernized and deregulated international ocean liner shipping by promoting confidential service contracts and greater competition in the maritime transport industry.
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B.
Shipping Act of 1984
The Shipping Act of 1984 is a U.S. federal law that modernized and deregulated the international ocean shipping industry by promoting competition and reducing government oversight of carrier agreements and practices.
-
C.
Merchant Marine Act of 1970
The Merchant Marine Act of 1970 is a U.S. federal law that updated and expanded national maritime policy, including shipbuilding and fleet modernization programs, to strengthen the American merchant marine.
-
D.
Second Navigation Act
The Second Navigation Act was a 1663 English law that tightened mercantilist control over colonial trade by requiring most goods bound for the American colonies to pass through England first.
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E.
Shipping Act of 1916
The Shipping Act of 1916 was a foundational U.S. maritime law that established federal regulation of ocean shipping practices and created the United States Shipping Board to oversee fair competition and rates in international trade.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022 Target entity description: The Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022 is a U.S. federal law that modernizes regulation of the ocean freight industry, strengthening oversight of ocean carriers and addressing issues like unfair fees, export backlogs, and supply chain disruptions.
-
A.
Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998
The Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 1998 is a U.S. federal law that modernized and deregulated international ocean liner shipping by promoting confidential service contracts and greater competition in the maritime transport industry.
-
B.
Shipping Act of 1984
The Shipping Act of 1984 is a U.S. federal law that modernized and deregulated the international ocean shipping industry by promoting competition and reducing government oversight of carrier agreements and practices.
-
C.
Merchant Marine Act of 1970
The Merchant Marine Act of 1970 is a U.S. federal law that updated and expanded national maritime policy, including shipbuilding and fleet modernization programs, to strengthen the American merchant marine.
-
D.
Second Navigation Act
The Second Navigation Act was a 1663 English law that tightened mercantilist control over colonial trade by requiring most goods bound for the American colonies to pass through England first.
-
E.
Shipping Act of 1916
The Shipping Act of 1916 was a foundational U.S. maritime law that established federal regulation of ocean shipping practices and created the United States Shipping Board to oversee fair competition and rates in international trade.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (42)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal law
ⓘ
statute ⓘ |
| addresses |
port congestion impacts on shippers
ⓘ
supply chain bottlenecks ⓘ |
| aimsTo |
address export backlogs
ⓘ
address unfair fees in ocean shipping ⓘ improve fluidity of U.S. exports ⓘ mitigate supply chain disruptions ⓘ modernize regulation of the ocean freight industry ⓘ promote fairness in ocean shipping practices ⓘ strengthen oversight of ocean carriers ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
marine terminal operators
ⓘ
ocean common carriers ⓘ ocean freight industry ⓘ |
| country | United States of America ⓘ |
| enhances | enforcement powers of the Federal Maritime Commission ⓘ |
| focusesOn |
protection of U.S. exporters
ⓘ
protection of U.S. importers ⓘ |
| hasShortName | OSRA 2022 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| intendedEffect |
enhance resilience of supply chains
ⓘ
improve reliability of ocean freight services ⓘ reduce abusive fee practices in ocean shipping ⓘ support U.S. agricultural exporters ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States government
ⓘ
surface form:
United States federal government
|
| legalArea |
commercial regulation
ⓘ
maritime law ⓘ transportation law ⓘ |
| regulates |
billing practices of ocean carriers
ⓘ
containerized ocean shipping ⓘ demurrage charges ⓘ detention charges ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Federal Maritime Commission regulations
ⓘ
U.S. supply chain policy ⓘ ocean carrier competition and practices ⓘ |
| requires |
clear invoicing for demurrage and detention
ⓘ
greater transparency in ocean carrier fees ⓘ |
| sector |
international trade logistics
ⓘ
maritime transportation ⓘ |
| strengthensAuthorityOf | Federal Maritime Commission NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| targets |
unjust and unreasonable practices by ocean carriers
ⓘ
unreasonable refusal to deal or negotiate with shippers ⓘ |
| timePeriod | 21st century ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022 Description of subject: The Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 2022 is a U.S. federal law that modernizes regulation of the ocean freight industry, strengthening oversight of ocean carriers and addressing issues like unfair fees, export backlogs, and supply chain disruptions.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.