Picher, Oklahoma
E615928
Picher, Oklahoma is a largely abandoned former lead and zinc mining town infamous as one of the most toxic environmental disaster sites in the United States.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Picher, Oklahoma canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T6730372 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Picher, Oklahoma Context triple: [Tri-State mining district, hasCity, Picher, Oklahoma]
-
A.
Oologah, Oklahoma
Oologah, Oklahoma is a small town in northeastern Oklahoma best known as the boyhood home of humorist Will Rogers and its proximity to Oologah Lake.
-
B.
Tahlequah, Oklahoma
Tahlequah, Oklahoma is a small city in northeastern Oklahoma that serves as the governmental and cultural center of the Cherokee Nation.
-
C.
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Pawhuska, Oklahoma is a small city in northeastern Oklahoma that serves as the governmental and cultural center of the Osage Nation.
-
D.
Powell, Oklahoma
Powell, Oklahoma is a small unincorporated community located in Marshall County in southern Oklahoma.
-
E.
Poteau, Oklahoma
Poteau, Oklahoma is a small city in Le Flore County known as a regional hub in eastern Oklahoma near the Arkansas border, close to Fort Smith.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Picher, Oklahoma Target entity description: Picher, Oklahoma is a largely abandoned former lead and zinc mining town infamous as one of the most toxic environmental disaster sites in the United States.
-
A.
Oologah, Oklahoma
Oologah, Oklahoma is a small town in northeastern Oklahoma best known as the boyhood home of humorist Will Rogers and its proximity to Oologah Lake.
-
B.
Tahlequah, Oklahoma
Tahlequah, Oklahoma is a small city in northeastern Oklahoma that serves as the governmental and cultural center of the Cherokee Nation.
-
C.
Pawhuska, Oklahoma
Pawhuska, Oklahoma is a small city in northeastern Oklahoma that serves as the governmental and cultural center of the Osage Nation.
-
D.
Powell, Oklahoma
Powell, Oklahoma is a small unincorporated community located in Marshall County in southern Oklahoma.
-
E.
Poteau, Oklahoma
Poteau, Oklahoma is a small city in Le Flore County known as a regional hub in eastern Oklahoma near the Arkansas border, close to Fort Smith.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
environmental disaster site
ⓘ
former mining town ⓘ town ⓘ |
| cityDissolutionVote | 2009 ⓘ |
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| county | Ottawa County, Oklahoma ⓘ |
| currentStatus |
ghost town
ⓘ
largely abandoned ⓘ |
| designatedSuperfundSite | 1983 ⓘ |
| disincorporated | 2009 ⓘ |
| environmentalIssue |
acid mine drainage
ⓘ
airborne heavy metal dust ⓘ contaminated groundwater ⓘ contaminated soil ⓘ |
| evacuationReason |
ground subsidence danger
ⓘ
toxic contamination ⓘ |
| evacuationRecommendedBy | U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ⓘ |
| featuredIn | environmental documentaries ⓘ |
| federalBuyoutProgram | mid-2000s ⓘ |
| foundedAs | mining camp ⓘ |
| historicalEconomicRole |
major lead supplier during World War I
ⓘ
major lead supplier during World War II ⓘ |
| incorporated | 1918 ⓘ |
| knownFor |
chat piles
ⓘ
ground subsidence risk ⓘ high childhood lead poisoning rates ⓘ severe lead contamination ⓘ toxic mine tailings ⓘ zinc contamination ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
Tar Creek Superfund site
ⓘ
northeastern Oklahoma ⓘ |
| majorTornadoEvent | May 10, 2008 ⓘ |
| miningBoomPeriod | early 20th century ⓘ |
| namedAfter | O. S. Picher ⓘ |
| near |
Kansas state line
ⓘ
Miami, Oklahoma ⓘ |
| notableRanking | one of the most toxic towns in America ⓘ |
| partOf |
Tri-State Mining District
ⓘ
linked to:
Tri-State mining district
|
| populationPeakApprox | 14,000 ⓘ |
| populationPeakPeriod | 1920s ⓘ |
| postalCodeFormer | 74360 ⓘ |
| primaryIndustry |
lead mining
ⓘ
zinc mining ⓘ |
| region |
Midwest
ⓘ
linked to:
Midwestern United States
|
| state | Oklahoma ⓘ |
| superfundProgram | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ⓘ |
| timeZone | Central Time Zone ⓘ |
| tornadoImpact | significant destruction and fatalities ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Picher, Oklahoma Description of subject: Picher, Oklahoma is a largely abandoned former lead and zinc mining town infamous as one of the most toxic environmental disaster sites in the United States.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.