Luna 12
E546294
Luna 12 was a Soviet unmanned spacecraft launched in 1966 that successfully entered lunar orbit and returned detailed photographs of the Moon’s surface.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Luna 12 canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5595804 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Luna 12 Context triple: [Ye-6S, usedInMission, Luna 12]
-
A.
Luna 11
Luna 11 was a Soviet unmanned spacecraft from the Luna program, launched in 1966 to study the Moon from lunar orbit.
-
B.
Luna 17
Luna 17 was a Soviet lunar mission launched in 1970 that successfully delivered the Lunokhod 1 rover to the Moon, achieving the first remote-controlled rover operation on another celestial body.
-
C.
Luna 9
Luna 9 was a Soviet spacecraft that achieved the first successful soft landing on the Moon and transmitted the first close-up images of the lunar surface in 1966.
-
D.
Luna 2
Luna 2 was a Soviet space probe that became the first human-made object to reach the Moon, marking a major milestone in early space exploration.
-
E.
Luna 16
Luna 16 was a Soviet robotic spacecraft that achieved the first successful uncrewed lunar sample return mission from the Moon to Earth in 1970.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Luna 12 Target entity description: Luna 12 was a Soviet unmanned spacecraft launched in 1966 that successfully entered lunar orbit and returned detailed photographs of the Moon’s surface.
-
A.
Luna 11
Luna 11 was a Soviet unmanned spacecraft from the Luna program, launched in 1966 to study the Moon from lunar orbit.
-
B.
Luna 17
Luna 17 was a Soviet lunar mission launched in 1970 that successfully delivered the Lunokhod 1 rover to the Moon, achieving the first remote-controlled rover operation on another celestial body.
-
C.
Luna 9
Luna 9 was a Soviet spacecraft that achieved the first successful soft landing on the Moon and transmitted the first close-up images of the lunar surface in 1966.
-
D.
Luna 2
Luna 2 was a Soviet space probe that became the first human-made object to reach the Moon, marking a major milestone in early space exploration.
-
E.
Luna 16
Luna 16 was a Soviet robotic spacecraft that achieved the first successful uncrewed lunar sample return mission from the Moon to Earth in 1970.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (43)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Luna programme spacecraft
ⓘ
uncrewed spacecraft ⓘ |
| achievedObjective |
returned detailed photographs of the Moon’s surface
ⓘ
successfully entered lunar orbit ⓘ |
| communicationBand | radio frequencies ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Soviet Union ⓘ |
| dataTransmittedTo |
Soviet ground stations
ⓘ
linked to:
Soviet deep-space communication network
|
| destination | lunar orbit ⓘ |
| enteredOrbitAround | Moon ⓘ |
| epoch | Space Race ⓘ |
| hasImagingSystem | television camera system ⓘ |
| imageSubject | lunar surface ⓘ |
| imageType | television images ⓘ |
| launchCountry | Kazakh SSR ⓘ |
| launchDate | 1966-10-22 ⓘ |
| launchSite |
Baikonur Cosmodrome
ⓘ
Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 31/6 ⓘ
linked to:
Baikonur Cosmodrome
|
| launchSuccess | true ⓘ |
| launchVehicle | Molniya-M rocket ⓘ |
| manufacturer | OKB-1 ⓘ |
| missionEnd | 1966 ⓘ |
| missionObjective |
to enter lunar orbit
ⓘ
to photograph the Moon’s surface ⓘ to test imaging and transmission systems in lunar orbit ⓘ |
| missionType | lunar orbiter mission ⓘ |
| notableFor |
being one of the early successful lunar orbiters
ⓘ
returning high-resolution images of the lunar surface ⓘ |
| operator | Soviet space program ⓘ |
| orbitInsertionDate | 1966-10-25 ⓘ |
| partOf | Luna programme ⓘ |
| periapsis | low lunar orbit ⓘ |
| program | Luna programme ⓘ |
| programGoal |
demonstration of Soviet capability in lunar exploration
ⓘ
scientific exploration of the Moon ⓘ |
| programSequence |
predecessor of Luna 13
ⓘ
successor of Luna 11 ⓘ |
| propulsionType | chemical propulsion ⓘ |
| spaceAgency | Soviet space agency ⓘ |
| spacecraftBus | Ye-6 bus ⓘ |
| spacecraftConfiguration | orbiter only ⓘ |
| spacecraftType |
Ye-6F type spacecraft
ⓘ
linked to:
Ye-6 series lunar landers
|
| status | mission completed ⓘ |
| targetBody | Moon ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Luna 12 Description of subject: Luna 12 was a Soviet unmanned spacecraft launched in 1966 that successfully entered lunar orbit and returned detailed photographs of the Moon’s surface.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.