TLS 1.2
E484041
TLS 1.2 is a widely deployed version of the Transport Layer Security protocol that provides encrypted and authenticated communication over computer networks.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| TLS 1.2 canonical | 12 |
| TLS 1.2 specification | 1 |
| TLS 1.2 usage guidelines | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4979789 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: TLS 1.2 Context triple: [RFC 7465, appliesTo, TLS 1.2]
-
A.
TLS 1.1
TLS 1.1 is an older version of the Transport Layer Security protocol that improved upon earlier SSL standards but has since been deprecated in favor of more secure versions like TLS 1.2 and 1.3.
-
B.
TLS 1.0
TLS 1.0 is an early version of the Transport Layer Security protocol used to secure communications over computer networks, now largely deprecated in favor of more secure later versions.
-
C.
SSL 2.0
SSL 2.0 is an early, now-obsolete version of the Secure Sockets Layer protocol that provided encrypted communication over networks before being replaced by more secure successors like TLS.
-
D.
TLS
TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a cryptographic protocol that secures data transmitted over networks by providing encryption, authentication, and integrity between communicating applications.
-
E.
TLS
TLS is the IATA airport code for Toulouse-Blagnac Airport, the main international airport serving Toulouse in southwestern France.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: TLS 1.2 Target entity description: TLS 1.2 is a widely deployed version of the Transport Layer Security protocol that provides encrypted and authenticated communication over computer networks.
-
A.
TLS 1.1
TLS 1.1 is an older version of the Transport Layer Security protocol that improved upon earlier SSL standards but has since been deprecated in favor of more secure versions like TLS 1.2 and 1.3.
-
B.
TLS 1.0
TLS 1.0 is an early version of the Transport Layer Security protocol used to secure communications over computer networks, now largely deprecated in favor of more secure later versions.
-
C.
SSL 2.0
SSL 2.0 is an early, now-obsolete version of the Secure Sockets Layer protocol that provided encrypted communication over networks before being replaced by more secure successors like TLS.
-
D.
TLS
TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a cryptographic protocol that secures data transmitted over networks by providing encryption, authentication, and integrity between communicating applications.
-
E.
TLS
TLS is the IATA airport code for Toulouse-Blagnac Airport, the main international airport serving Toulouse in southwestern France.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Transport Layer Security protocol version
ⓘ
network security protocol ⓘ |
| abbreviationFor | Transport Layer Security version 1.2 ⓘ |
| allows | use of AEAD cipher suites ⓘ |
| backwardsCompatibleWith |
TLS 1.0
ⓘ
TLS 1.1 ⓘ |
| definedInRFC | RFC 5246 ⓘ |
| deprecates |
MD5 for signatures
ⓘ
weak cipher suites ⓘ |
| follows | TLS 1.1 ⓘ |
| improvesOver | TLS 1.1 ⓘ |
| introduces |
ability to specify PRF hash algorithm per cipher suite
ⓘ
ability to specify hash algorithm for digital signatures ⓘ |
| layer | transport layer ⓘ |
| partOf |
Transport Layer Security
ⓘ
linked to:
TLS
|
| precedes |
TLS 1.3
ⓘ
linked to:
RFC 8446
|
| provides |
authentication
ⓘ
confidentiality ⓘ integrity ⓘ |
| publicationYear | 2008 ⓘ |
| recommendedSuccessor |
TLS 1.3
ⓘ
linked to:
RFC 8446
|
| standardizedBy |
IETF
ⓘ
linked to:
Internet Engineering Task Force
|
| status | widely deployed ⓘ |
| supports |
AES-based cipher suites
ⓘ
Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation (ALPN) ⓘ ChaCha20-Poly1305 cipher suites ⓘ Elliptic Curve Diffie–Hellman (ECDHE) ⓘ
linked to:
Curve25519-based schemes
HMAC-based message authentication ⓘ RSA key exchange ⓘ SHA-256 ⓘ SHA-384 ⓘ Server Name Indication (SNI) ⓘ TLS extensions ⓘ X.509 certificates ⓘ cipher suites ⓘ ephemeral Diffie–Hellman key exchange ⓘ session resumption ⓘ session tickets ⓘ |
| usedFor |
HTTPS
ⓘ
VPN protocols ⓘ VoIP security ⓘ instant messaging security ⓘ secure email protocols ⓘ |
| uses |
handshake protocol
ⓘ
record protocol ⓘ |
| vulnerableTo | implementation-specific attacks ⓘ |
| widelyDeployedIn |
mobile applications
ⓘ
web browsers ⓘ web servers ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: TLS 1.2 Description of subject: TLS 1.2 is a widely deployed version of the Transport Layer Security protocol that provides encrypted and authenticated communication over computer networks.
Referenced by (14)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
RFC 7465 (prohibition in TLS)
subject linked to:
ALPN (Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation)
subject linked to:
TLS heartbeat extension (later deprecated)
linked to: TLS 1.2