Ad Scapulam
E448136
Ad Scapulam is a Christian apologetic and exhortatory work by Tertullian, addressed to the Roman proconsul Scapula and urging him to cease persecuting Christians.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ad Scapulam canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4500325 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ad Scapulam Context triple: [Ad Nationes, relatedWorkByAuthor, Ad Scapulam]
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A.
Trapezus
Trapezus was an ancient Greek city on the southern coast of the Black Sea, known as a key port and later as the nucleus of the medieval Empire of Trebizond.
-
B.
Arm in Arm
"Arm in Arm" is a studio album by the American bluegrass band Steep Canyon Rangers, showcasing their blend of traditional roots music with contemporary songwriting.
-
C.
Armills
Armills are ceremonial arm bracelets traditionally worn by British monarchs during coronations as symbols of sincerity and wisdom.
-
D.
Outer Arm
The Outer Arm is one of the Milky Way galaxy’s major spiral arms, located farther from the galactic center than the Perseus Arm and containing stars, gas, and dust in the outer disk.
-
E.
Arm
Arm is a British semiconductor and software design company best known for creating the ARM architecture used in most of the world’s mobile and embedded processors.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ad Scapulam Target entity description: Ad Scapulam is a Christian apologetic and exhortatory work by Tertullian, addressed to the Roman proconsul Scapula and urging him to cease persecuting Christians.
-
A.
Trapezus
Trapezus was an ancient Greek city on the southern coast of the Black Sea, known as a key port and later as the nucleus of the medieval Empire of Trebizond.
-
B.
Arm in Arm
"Arm in Arm" is a studio album by the American bluegrass band Steep Canyon Rangers, showcasing their blend of traditional roots music with contemporary songwriting.
-
C.
Armills
Armills are ceremonial arm bracelets traditionally worn by British monarchs during coronations as symbols of sincerity and wisdom.
-
D.
Outer Arm
The Outer Arm is one of the Milky Way galaxy’s major spiral arms, located farther from the galactic center than the Perseus Arm and containing stars, gas, and dust in the outer disk.
-
E.
Arm
Arm is a British semiconductor and software design company best known for creating the ARM architecture used in most of the world’s mobile and embedded processors.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Christian apologetic work
ⓘ
Christian exhortatory work ⓘ Latin Christian literature ⓘ patristic text ⓘ |
| addressedTo |
Scapula
ⓘ
linked to:
Bone
|
| addresseeOccupation | Roman proconsul ⓘ |
| argumentStrategy |
appeal to divine judgment
ⓘ
defense of Christian loyalty to the Empire ⓘ moral exhortation ⓘ |
| associatedPerson | Scapula Tertullus ⓘ |
| audience | Roman official Scapula ⓘ |
| author | Tertullian ⓘ |
| century | 3rd century ⓘ |
| circulation | Christian communities in the Roman Empire ⓘ |
| ethicalConcern | treatment of Christians by Roman authorities ⓘ |
| focus | appeal to a Roman official ⓘ |
| genre |
apologetics
ⓘ
exhortation ⓘ |
| historicalContext |
Christian persecutions
ⓘ
Roman Empire ⓘ |
| influencedField | Christian apologetic literature ⓘ |
| language | Latin ⓘ |
| literaryForm |
letter
ⓘ
treatise ⓘ |
| mentionsGroup |
Christians
ⓘ
linked to:
Christian Church
|
| opposesPractice | persecution of Christians ⓘ |
| partOf |
Tertullian's apologetic corpus
ⓘ
linked to:
De Praescriptione Haereticorum
|
| placeOfOrigin | Roman North Africa ⓘ |
| purpose | to urge Scapula to cease persecuting Christians ⓘ |
| relatedWork |
Ad Nationes
ⓘ
Apologeticum ⓘ
linked to:
Apologeticus
|
| religiousGenre | patristic apologetic treatise ⓘ |
| religiousPerspective |
North African Latin Christianity
ⓘ
linked to:
North African Christian communities
|
| religiousTradition | Christianity ⓘ |
| rhetoricalMode | direct address to magistrate ⓘ |
| scripturalUse | employs biblical themes ⓘ |
| secondaryAudience | wider Christian readership ⓘ |
| theme |
innocence of Christians
ⓘ
justice of God ⓘ persecution of Christians ⓘ religious tolerance ⓘ |
| theologicalContext | early Christian apologetics ⓘ |
| timePeriod | early Church ⓘ |
| tradition |
Latin Patristics
ⓘ
linked to:
Latin Church Fathers
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ad Scapulam Description of subject: Ad Scapulam is a Christian apologetic and exhortatory work by Tertullian, addressed to the Roman proconsul Scapula and urging him to cease persecuting Christians.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.