The Varieties of Reference
E446852
The Varieties of Reference is a highly influential work of analytic philosophy in which Gareth Evans develops a detailed theory of reference, perception, and singular thought.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| The Varieties of Reference canonical | 3 |
| Gareth Evans's book "The Varieties of Reference" | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4492809 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Varieties of Reference Context triple: [Gareth Evans, notableWork, The Varieties of Reference]
-
A.
On Sense and Reference
On Sense and Reference is a seminal philosophical essay by Gottlob Frege that distinguishes between the sense (meaning) and reference (denotation) of linguistic expressions, profoundly influencing analytic philosophy and the philosophy of language.
-
B.
essay "Notes on the Theory of Reference"
"Notes on the Theory of Reference" is a seminal philosophical essay by W.V.O. Quine that challenges traditional notions of meaning and reference within analytic philosophy and logic.
-
C.
On Denoting
"On Denoting" is a seminal 1905 philosophical essay by Bertrand Russell that introduced his influential theory of descriptions and reshaped analytic philosophy of language.
-
D.
The Meaning of Meaning
The Meaning of Meaning is a seminal 1923 work in semantics and the philosophy of language by C. K. Ogden and I. A. Richards that explores how language, symbols, and thought are related.
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E.
The Logical Structure of the World
The Logical Structure of the World is Rudolf Carnap’s seminal 1928 work in which he develops a rigorous, formal reconstruction of all scientific concepts from a phenomenalist basis, serving as a foundational text of logical positivism.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Varieties of Reference Target entity description: The Varieties of Reference is a highly influential work of analytic philosophy in which Gareth Evans develops a detailed theory of reference, perception, and singular thought.
-
A.
On Sense and Reference
On Sense and Reference is a seminal philosophical essay by Gottlob Frege that distinguishes between the sense (meaning) and reference (denotation) of linguistic expressions, profoundly influencing analytic philosophy and the philosophy of language.
-
B.
essay "Notes on the Theory of Reference"
"Notes on the Theory of Reference" is a seminal philosophical essay by W.V.O. Quine that challenges traditional notions of meaning and reference within analytic philosophy and logic.
-
C.
On Denoting
"On Denoting" is a seminal 1905 philosophical essay by Bertrand Russell that introduced his influential theory of descriptions and reshaped analytic philosophy of language.
-
D.
The Meaning of Meaning
The Meaning of Meaning is a seminal 1923 work in semantics and the philosophy of language by C. K. Ogden and I. A. Richards that explores how language, symbols, and thought are related.
-
E.
Fregean semantics
Fregean semantics is a theory of meaning in philosophy of language that distinguishes between the sense (Sinn) and reference (Bedeutung) of linguistic expressions to explain how terms can be cognitively significant even when they refer to the same object.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
non-fiction book
ⓘ
philosophy book ⓘ work of analytic philosophy ⓘ |
| academicDiscipline | analytic philosophy ⓘ |
| author | Gareth Evans ⓘ |
| compiledFrom | Gareth Evans’s manuscripts and lectures ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | United Kingdom ⓘ |
| editor | John McDowell ⓘ |
| firstEditionFormat | hardcover ⓘ |
| hasPart |
appendix by John McDowell
ⓘ
chapter on demonstrative identification ⓘ chapter on descriptive names ⓘ chapter on perception and objectivity ⓘ chapter on proper names ⓘ chapter on self-ascription ⓘ |
| hasTheoreticalFocus |
anti-descriptivist elements about names
ⓘ
conditions for singular thought ⓘ link between information and reference ⓘ role of perception in thought about objects ⓘ |
| influenced |
contemporary philosophy of language
ⓘ
contemporary philosophy of mind ⓘ discussions of object-dependent thought ⓘ theories of demonstratives ⓘ theories of singular thought ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| notableFor |
detailed theory of reference
ⓘ
influence on debates about objectivity in perception ⓘ integration of perception and singular thought ⓘ |
| posthumousWorkOf | Gareth Evans ⓘ |
| publicationYear | 1982 ⓘ |
| publisher |
Clarendon Press
ⓘ
linked to:
Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press ⓘ |
| subject |
demonstratives
ⓘ
descriptive names ⓘ indexicals ⓘ information-based semantics ⓘ object-dependent thought ⓘ perception ⓘ philosophy of language ⓘ philosophy of mind ⓘ proper names ⓘ reference and perception ⓘ self-consciousness ⓘ singular terms ⓘ singular thought ⓘ theory of reference ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: The Varieties of Reference Description of subject: The Varieties of Reference is a highly influential work of analytic philosophy in which Gareth Evans develops a detailed theory of reference, perception, and singular thought.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
“Reference and Contingency”
subject linked to:
“Understanding Demonstratives”
linked to: The Varieties of Reference
subject linked to:
Gareth Evans (philosopher)