Cook v. Gralike
E439602
Cook v. Gralike is a 2001 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited states’ power over federal elections by holding that Missouri could not use ballot notations to influence voters’ choices for congressional candidates.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Cook v. Gralike canonical | 2 |
| Donald G. Cook, Secretary of State of Missouri v. Don Gralike | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4428541 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cook v. Gralike Context triple: [Article I, Section 4 of the United States Constitution, citedInCase, Cook v. Gralike]
-
A.
Lucas v. Earl
Lucas v. Earl is a landmark 1930 U.S. Supreme Court tax law case that established the principle that income is taxed to the person who earns it, regardless of contractual arrangements to split or assign that income.
-
B.
McDonald v. Smith
McDonald v. Smith is a 1985 U.S. Supreme Court case that held the First Amendment’s Petition Clause does not grant absolute immunity from libel suits for statements made in petitions to government officials.
-
C.
Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio
Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio is a 1989 U.S. Supreme Court case that narrowed the standards for proving employment discrimination under Title VII, prompting Congress to later revise those standards in the Civil Rights Act of 1991.
-
D.
United States v. Darby
United States v. Darby is a 1941 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld federal labor regulations under the Commerce Clause and marked a broad expansion of federal power over economic activity.
-
E.
Baker v. Nelson
Baker v. Nelson was a 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that summarily dismissed a same-sex marriage claim, effectively allowing states to ban such marriages until it was later overturned by Obergefell v. Hodges.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cook v. Gralike Target entity description: Cook v. Gralike is a 2001 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited states’ power over federal elections by holding that Missouri could not use ballot notations to influence voters’ choices for congressional candidates.
-
A.
Lucas v. Earl
Lucas v. Earl is a landmark 1930 U.S. Supreme Court tax law case that established the principle that income is taxed to the person who earns it, regardless of contractual arrangements to split or assign that income.
-
B.
McDonald v. Smith
McDonald v. Smith is a 1985 U.S. Supreme Court case that held the First Amendment’s Petition Clause does not grant absolute immunity from libel suits for statements made in petitions to government officials.
-
C.
Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio
Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio is a 1989 U.S. Supreme Court case that narrowed the standards for proving employment discrimination under Title VII, prompting Congress to later revise those standards in the Civil Rights Act of 1991.
-
D.
United States v. Darby
United States v. Darby is a 1941 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld federal labor regulations under the Commerce Clause and marked a broad expansion of federal power over economic activity.
-
E.
Baker v. Nelson
Baker v. Nelson was a 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that summarily dismissed a same-sex marriage claim, effectively allowing states to ban such marriages until it was later overturned by Obergefell v. Hodges.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
United States constitutional law case ⓘ election law case ⓘ |
| ballotMeasureContext | Missouri’s effort to pressure congressional candidates to support term limits through ballot labels ⓘ |
| category |
United States Supreme Court cases of the Rehnquist Court
ⓘ
United States constitutional case law ⓘ United States elections case law ⓘ |
| citation | 531 U.S. 510 ⓘ |
| concurrenceBy |
Anthony M. Kennedy
ⓘ
Antonin Scalia ⓘ Clarence Thomas ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted |
Article I, Section 4, Clause 1 of the United States Constitution
ⓘ
First Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ |
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 2001-02-28 ⓘ |
| docketNumber | 99-929 ⓘ |
| fullCaseName |
Donald G. Cook, Secretary of State of Missouri v. Don Gralike
ⓘ
linked to:
Cook v. Gralike
|
| holding |
Missouri could not use ballot notations designed to influence voters’ choices for congressional candidates
ⓘ
Missouri’s ballot notation scheme exceeded the state’s power to regulate the time, place, and manner of congressional elections ⓘ The Elections Clause does not authorize states to favor or disfavor candidates for federal office through ballot notations ⓘ |
| impact | Limited states’ ability to manipulate federal election outcomes through ballot notations ⓘ |
| issue | Whether Missouri could place pejorative or favorable statements on the ballot next to candidates for U.S. Congress based on their position on term limits ⓘ |
| joinedByInMajority |
Anthony M. Kennedy
ⓘ
David H. Souter ⓘ Ruth Bader Ginsburg ⓘ Sandra Day O’Connor ⓘ William H. Rehnquist ⓘ |
| legalSubject |
Elections Clause
ⓘ
ballot design ⓘ federal elections ⓘ state power over federal elections ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy | John Paul Stevens ⓘ |
| originatingJurisdiction | United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit ⓘ |
| party |
Don Gralike
ⓘ
Donald G. Cook ⓘ |
| principle | States may regulate procedural aspects of federal elections but may not attempt to dictate electoral outcomes or favor a class of candidates ⓘ |
| relatedTo | U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton ⓘ |
| result | Judgment of the Eighth Circuit affirmed ⓘ |
| stateConstitutionProvisionInvolved |
Missouri term limits amendment
ⓘ
linked to:
Missouri Constitution
|
| stateInvolved | Missouri ⓘ |
| subjectTo | United States federal constitutional review ⓘ |
| term | October Term 2000 ⓘ |
| vote | 6-3 ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 2001 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Cook v. Gralike Description of subject: Cook v. Gralike is a 2001 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited states’ power over federal elections by holding that Missouri could not use ballot notations to influence voters’ choices for congressional candidates.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Cook v. Gralike