URM-2 upper stage
E437693
The URM-2 upper stage is a liquid-fueled second stage module developed for Russia’s Angara launch vehicles to provide orbital insertion and mission flexibility.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| URM-2 upper stage canonical | 1 |
| Universal Rocket Module 2 (URM-2) | 1 |
| Universal Rocket Module URM-2 | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4406618 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: URM-2 upper stage Context triple: [Angara rocket family, usesStage, URM-2 upper stage]
-
A.
Inertial Upper Stage
The Inertial Upper Stage was a two-stage, solid-fueled rocket used primarily with the Space Shuttle and Titan launch vehicles to boost satellites from low Earth orbit to higher orbits such as geostationary transfer orbit.
-
B.
Centaur upper stage
The Centaur upper stage is a high-energy rocket stage developed by the United States that pioneered the use of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants to boost payloads from low Earth orbit to higher orbits and interplanetary trajectories.
-
C.
Atlas LV-3C Centaur
Atlas LV-3C Centaur was an early American launch vehicle configuration that first successfully demonstrated the Centaur high-energy upper stage for NASA missions in the 1960s.
-
D.
AJ-60A solid rocket booster
The AJ-60A solid rocket booster is a large strap-on booster used primarily on United Launch Alliance’s Atlas V rocket to provide additional thrust during liftoff.
-
E.
A3 rocket
The A3 rocket was an early experimental German ballistic missile developed in the 1930s as a precursor to the more advanced V-2 rocket.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: URM-2 upper stage Target entity description: The URM-2 upper stage is a liquid-fueled second stage module developed for Russia’s Angara launch vehicles to provide orbital insertion and mission flexibility.
-
A.
Inertial Upper Stage
The Inertial Upper Stage was a two-stage, solid-fueled rocket used primarily with the Space Shuttle and Titan launch vehicles to boost satellites from low Earth orbit to higher orbits such as geostationary transfer orbit.
-
B.
Centaur upper stage
The Centaur upper stage is a high-energy rocket stage developed by the United States that pioneered the use of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants to boost payloads from low Earth orbit to higher orbits and interplanetary trajectories.
-
C.
Atlas LV-3C Centaur
Atlas LV-3C Centaur was an early American launch vehicle configuration that first successfully demonstrated the Centaur high-energy upper stage for NASA missions in the 1960s.
-
D.
AJ-60A solid rocket booster
The AJ-60A solid rocket booster is a large strap-on booster used primarily on United Launch Alliance’s Atlas V rocket to provide additional thrust during liftoff.
-
E.
A3 rocket
The A3 rocket was an early experimental German ballistic missile developed in the 1930s as a precursor to the more advanced V-2 rocket.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (30)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
launch vehicle stage
ⓘ
rocket upper stage ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Russia ⓘ |
| designedFor |
Angara-A3
ⓘ
linked to:
Angara rocket family
Angara-A5 ⓘ
linked to:
Angara rocket family
|
| designGoal |
commonality across Angara variants
ⓘ
modularity ⓘ |
| developer | Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center ⓘ |
| era | 21st century spaceflight hardware ⓘ |
| family |
Universal Rocket Module
ⓘ
linked to:
Universal Rocket Module URM-1
|
| launchSiteUsage |
Plesetsk Cosmodrome
ⓘ
Vostochny Cosmodrome ⓘ |
| launchVehicleType | expendable launch system ⓘ |
| missionRole |
injection into parking orbit
ⓘ
transfer to target orbit ⓘ |
| operator |
Roscosmos
ⓘ
Russian Ministry of Defence ⓘ |
| partOf |
Angara launch vehicle family
ⓘ
linked to:
Angara rocket family
|
| primaryFunction |
mission flexibility
ⓘ
orbital insertion ⓘ |
| program |
Angara program
ⓘ
linked to:
Angara rocket family
|
| propellantType | liquid propellant ⓘ |
| propulsionType | liquid-fueled ⓘ |
| relatedComponent | URM-1 core stage ⓘ |
| stageNumber | second stage ⓘ |
| status | in service ⓘ |
| usedFor |
Earth orbit missions
ⓘ
civilian payloads ⓘ military payloads ⓘ |
| usedOn |
Angara-A5 test flights
ⓘ
linked to:
Angara rocket family
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: URM-2 upper stage Description of subject: The URM-2 upper stage is a liquid-fueled second stage module developed for Russia’s Angara launch vehicles to provide orbital insertion and mission flexibility.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: URM-2 upper stage
linked to: URM-2 upper stage