Holocephali
E389321
Holocephali is a subclass of cartilaginous fishes that includes the chimaeras, deep-sea relatives of sharks and rays characterized by a single gill opening and distinctive tooth plates.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Holocephali canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3787114 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Holocephali Context triple: [Chondrichthyes, hasSubclass, Holocephali]
-
A.
Gnathostomata
Gnathostomata is a major clade of jawed vertebrates that includes most living fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
-
B.
Ambulacraria
Ambulacraria is a major clade of deuterostome animals that unites echinoderms (such as starfish and sea urchins) with hemichordates (such as acorn worms) based on shared developmental and anatomical features.
-
C.
Pycnoidei
Pycnoidei is a suborder of marine ray-finned fishes within the order Scorpaeniformes, comprising various bottom-dwelling, often spiny species.
-
D.
Agnatha
Agnatha is a superclass of jawless vertebrates that includes modern lampreys and hagfishes as well as numerous extinct lineages.
-
E.
Protostomia
Protostomia is a major clade of bilaterally symmetrical animals—including arthropods, mollusks, and annelids—characterized by a distinct embryonic development pattern in which the mouth typically forms before the anus.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Holocephali Target entity description: Holocephali is a subclass of cartilaginous fishes that includes the chimaeras, deep-sea relatives of sharks and rays characterized by a single gill opening and distinctive tooth plates.
-
A.
Gnathostomata
Gnathostomata is a major clade of jawed vertebrates that includes most living fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
-
B.
Ambulacraria
Ambulacraria is a major clade of deuterostome animals that unites echinoderms (such as starfish and sea urchins) with hemichordates (such as acorn worms) based on shared developmental and anatomical features.
-
C.
Pycnoidei
Pycnoidei is a suborder of marine ray-finned fishes within the order Scorpaeniformes, comprising various bottom-dwelling, often spiny species.
-
D.
Agnatha
Agnatha is a superclass of jawless vertebrates that includes modern lampreys and hagfishes as well as numerous extinct lineages.
-
E.
Protostomia
Protostomia is a major clade of bilaterally symmetrical animals—including arthropods, mollusks, and annelids—characterized by a distinct embryonic development pattern in which the mouth typically forms before the anus.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
clade
ⓘ
taxonomic subclass ⓘ |
| class | Chondrichthyes ⓘ |
| commonName | holocephalans ⓘ |
| diet |
crustaceans
ⓘ
echinoderms ⓘ hard_shelled_invertebrates ⓘ molluscs ⓘ |
| distinguishedFrom |
Elasmobranchii_by_fused_upper_jaw
ⓘ
Elasmobranchii_by_single_gill_opening ⓘ |
| eggType | leathery_egg_cases ⓘ |
| etymology | from_Greek_holos_entire_and_kephale_head ⓘ |
| extant | true ⓘ |
| feedingType | durophagous ⓘ |
| firstAppearance |
Devonian Period
ⓘ
surface form:
Devonian_period
|
| geologicTimeRange | Devonian_to_Recent ⓘ |
| hasCharacteristic |
cartilaginous_skeleton
ⓘ
four_internal_gill_pouches_covered_by_soft_tissue_operculum ⓘ holostylic_jaw_suspension ⓘ internal_fertilization ⓘ lack_of_scales_in_adults_except_for_placoid_spines ⓘ large_pectoral_fins_used_for_undulatory_swimming ⓘ long_tapering_tail_in_many_species ⓘ males_with_additional_cephalic_claspers_in_some_species ⓘ males_with_claspers ⓘ reduced_or_absent_spiracle ⓘ relatively_large_head ⓘ single_external_gill_opening_on_each_side ⓘ tooth_plates_instead_of_replacing_individual_teeth ⓘ upper_jaw_fused_to_cranium ⓘ venomous_dorsal_spine_in_many_species ⓘ |
| hasFossilRecord | rich_Paleozoic_fossil_record ⓘ |
| hasSensorySystem |
electroreception
ⓘ
lateral_line_system ⓘ |
| includes |
Chimaeriformes
ⓘ
chimaeras ⓘ ghost sharks ⓘ ratfishes ⓘ |
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| partOf | Chondrichthyes ⓘ |
| phylum | Chordata ⓘ |
| reproduction | oviparous ⓘ |
| sisterGroupOf | Elasmobranchii ⓘ |
| subphylum | Vertebrata ⓘ |
| taxonRank | subclass ⓘ |
| typicalHabitat |
benthic_environments
ⓘ
continental_slopes ⓘ deep_sea ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Holocephali Description of subject: Holocephali is a subclass of cartilaginous fishes that includes the chimaeras, deep-sea relatives of sharks and rays characterized by a single gill opening and distinctive tooth plates.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.