Battle of Pingxingguan
E371908
The Battle of Pingxingguan was a 1937 engagement in the Second Sino-Japanese War in which Chinese Communist forces ambushed and inflicted significant losses on Japanese troops, boosting Chinese morale early in the conflict.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Battle of Pingxingguan canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3516761 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Pingxingguan Context triple: [Battle of Taiyuan, precededBy, Battle of Pingxingguan]
-
A.
Battle of Taierzhuang
The Battle of Taierzhuang was a major 1938 Chinese victory over Japanese forces during the Second Sino-Japanese War, notable for boosting Chinese morale and demonstrating effective resistance against Japan’s previously overwhelming advances.
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B.
Battle of Taiyuan
The Battle of Taiyuan was a major early campaign of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, in which Japanese forces captured the strategic city of Taiyuan in Shanxi Province after heavy fighting against Chinese Nationalist and warlord troops.
-
C.
Battle of Changde
The Battle of Changde was a major World War II clash in 1943 between Chinese and Japanese forces in Hunan province, notable for intense urban combat, heavy casualties, and the use of chemical weapons by Japan.
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D.
Battle of Beiping–Tianjin
The Battle of Beiping–Tianjin was an early major campaign of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, in which Japanese forces captured the key northern Chinese cities of Beiping (Beijing) and Tianjin.
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E.
Battle of Xuzhou
The Battle of Xuzhou was a major 1938 campaign in the Second Sino-Japanese War in which Japanese forces encircled and captured the strategic rail hub of Xuzhou after heavy fighting against Chinese Nationalist troops.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Pingxingguan Target entity description: The Battle of Pingxingguan was a 1937 engagement in the Second Sino-Japanese War in which Chinese Communist forces ambushed and inflicted significant losses on Japanese troops, boosting Chinese morale early in the conflict.
-
A.
Battle of Taierzhuang
The Battle of Taierzhuang was a major 1938 Chinese victory over Japanese forces during the Second Sino-Japanese War, notable for boosting Chinese morale and demonstrating effective resistance against Japan’s previously overwhelming advances.
-
B.
Battle of Taiyuan
The Battle of Taiyuan was a major early campaign of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, in which Japanese forces captured the strategic city of Taiyuan in Shanxi Province after heavy fighting against Chinese Nationalist and warlord troops.
-
C.
Battle of Changde
The Battle of Changde was a major World War II clash in 1943 between Chinese and Japanese forces in Hunan province, notable for intense urban combat, heavy casualties, and the use of chemical weapons by Japan.
-
D.
Battle of Beiping–Tianjin
The Battle of Beiping–Tianjin was an early major campaign of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, in which Japanese forces captured the key northern Chinese cities of Beiping (Beijing) and Tianjin.
-
E.
Battle of Xuzhou
The Battle of Xuzhou was a major 1938 campaign in the Second Sino-Japanese War in which Japanese forces encircled and captured the strategic rail hub of Xuzhou after heavy fighting against Chinese Nationalist troops.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
battle
ⓘ
military engagement ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Pingxing Pass battle ⓘ |
| belligerent |
Chinese Red Army
ⓘ
surface form:
Chinese Communist forces
National Revolutionary Army 8th Route Army ⓘ
surface form:
Eighth Route Army
Imperial Japanese Army ⓘ |
| captured |
Japanese supplies
ⓘ
Japanese weapons ⓘ |
| casualtiesInflicted | significant Japanese losses ⓘ |
| combatant |
Chinese Communist Party forces
ⓘ
Imperial Japan ⓘ
surface form:
Empire of Japan
|
| commander |
Itagaki Seishiro
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Lin Biao ⓘ Nie Rongzhen ⓘ |
| conflict |
Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945)
ⓘ
surface form:
Second Sino-Japanese War
|
| country | China ⓘ |
| date | 1937-09-25 ⓘ |
| endDate | 1937-09-25 ⓘ |
| forceInvolved | 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army ⓘ |
| front |
North China
ⓘ
surface form:
Northern China
|
| historicalPeriod |
Pacific War
ⓘ
surface form:
Second World War in Asia
|
| involved | Chinese peasants as porters and guides ⓘ |
| languageOfName | Chinese ⓘ |
| location |
Pingxingguan Pass
ⓘ
Shanxi Province ⓘ |
| militaryTactic |
close-range ambush of marching column
ⓘ
use of terrain for concealment ⓘ |
| notableFor |
ambush of Japanese supply convoy in mountain pass
ⓘ
first major victory claimed by Chinese Communist forces in Second Sino-Japanese War ⓘ use of guerrilla tactics ⓘ |
| opponentUnit |
Japanese 5th Division
ⓘ
surface form:
Japanese 5th Division elements
Japanese supply column ⓘ |
| partOf |
Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945)
ⓘ
surface form:
Second Sino-Japanese War
|
| partOfCampaign | Battle of Taiyuan ⓘ |
| precededBy |
Battle of Taiyuan
ⓘ
surface form:
Battle of Taiyuan (early phase)
Marco Polo Bridge Incident ⓘ |
| region | North China ⓘ |
| result | Chinese victory ⓘ |
| significance |
early morale boost for Chinese resistance
ⓘ
symbolic demonstration of Communist resistance to Japan ⓘ |
| startDate | 1937-09-25 ⓘ |
| strategicEffect |
boosted Chinese morale
ⓘ
propaganda victory for Chinese Communist Party ⓘ |
| tacticalOutcome | successful Chinese ambush ⓘ |
| terrain | mountain pass ⓘ |
| typeOfOperation | ambush ⓘ |
| year | 1937 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Battle of Pingxingguan Description of subject: The Battle of Pingxingguan was a 1937 engagement in the Second Sino-Japanese War in which Chinese Communist forces ambushed and inflicted significant losses on Japanese troops, boosting Chinese morale early in the conflict.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.