Clearchus of Sparta
E371749
Clearchus of Sparta was a 5th-century BC Spartan general best known for commanding Greek mercenaries in Cyrus the Younger's campaign against Artaxerxes II, as famously recounted in Xenophon's Anabasis.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Clearchus of Sparta canonical | 6 |
| Cheirisophus the Spartan | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3590728 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Clearchus of Sparta Context triple: [Anabasis, historicalFigureDepicted, Clearchus of Sparta]
-
A.
Megillus of Sparta
Megillus of Sparta is a Spartan interlocutor in Plato’s dialogue "Laws," representing traditional Spartan values and perspectives in the philosophical discussion on legislation.
-
B.
Leonidas of Tarentum
Leonidas of Tarentum was an ancient Greek epigrammatist of the Hellenistic period, known for his concise, often melancholic poems preserved in the Greek Anthology.
-
C.
Leonidas of Naxos
Leonidas of Naxos was an ancient Greek figure from the island of Naxos, notable enough in antiquity to have the Leonidaion building named in his honor.
-
D.
Epaminondas
Epaminondas was a Theban statesman and general of Classical Greece renowned for his military innovations and decisive victories over Sparta, which shifted the balance of power in the Greek world.
-
E.
Nicias of Argos
Nicias of Argos was a lesser-known member of the mythic Atreid royal lineage associated with the city of Argos in ancient Greek tradition.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Clearchus of Sparta Target entity description: Clearchus of Sparta was a 5th-century BC Spartan general best known for commanding Greek mercenaries in Cyrus the Younger's campaign against Artaxerxes II, as famously recounted in Xenophon's Anabasis.
-
A.
Megillus of Sparta
Megillus of Sparta is a Spartan interlocutor in Plato’s dialogue "Laws," representing traditional Spartan values and perspectives in the philosophical discussion on legislation.
-
B.
Leonidas of Tarentum
Leonidas of Tarentum was an ancient Greek epigrammatist of the Hellenistic period, known for his concise, often melancholic poems preserved in the Greek Anthology.
-
C.
Leonidas of Naxos
Leonidas of Naxos was an ancient Greek figure from the island of Naxos, notable enough in antiquity to have the Leonidaion building named in his honor.
-
D.
Epaminondas
Epaminondas was a Theban statesman and general of Classical Greece renowned for his military innovations and decisive victories over Sparta, which shifted the balance of power in the Greek world.
-
E.
Nicias of Argos
Nicias of Argos was a lesser-known member of the mythic Atreid royal lineage associated with the city of Argos in ancient Greek tradition.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (43)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
5th-century BC Spartan
ⓘ
Spartan general ⓘ ancient Greek person ⓘ mercenary leader ⓘ military commander ⓘ |
| activeInCentury | 5th century BC ⓘ |
| allegiance |
Cyrus the Younger
ⓘ
Sparta ⓘ |
| armyComponentCommanded | Greek heavy infantry ⓘ |
| associatedWithEvent |
retreat of the Ten Thousand
ⓘ
surface form:
march of the Ten Thousand
|
| capturedBy | Tissaphernes ⓘ |
| citizenship | Sparta ⓘ |
| commandedForceType | Greek mercenaries ⓘ |
| conflict | Persian civil war between Cyrus the Younger and Artaxerxes II ⓘ |
| contemporaryOf |
Artaxerxes II
ⓘ
surface form:
Artaxerxes II of Persia
Cyrus the Younger ⓘ Xenophon ⓘ |
| deathCause | execution ⓘ |
| deathContext | after being seized during negotiations with Tissaphernes ⓘ |
| ethnicity | Greek ⓘ |
| executedBy | Tissaphernes ⓘ |
| gender | male ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | Classical Greece ⓘ |
| knownFor |
appearance in Xenophon’s Anabasis
ⓘ
commanding Greek mercenaries for Cyrus the Younger ⓘ role in the campaign against Artaxerxes II of Persia ⓘ |
| language | Ancient Greek ⓘ |
| legacy | key figure in the story of the Ten Thousand ⓘ |
| militaryRank | general ⓘ |
| militarySpecialty | hoplite warfare ⓘ |
| militaryTactics | emphasis on discipline and formation in battle ⓘ |
| notableTrait |
experienced mercenary commander
ⓘ
strict disciplinarian ⓘ |
| notedIn | classical Greek historiography ⓘ |
| opposedRuler |
Artaxerxes II
ⓘ
surface form:
Artaxerxes II of Persia
|
| participatedIn |
Battle of Cunaxa
ⓘ
Cyrus the Younger’s campaign against Artaxerxes II ⓘ |
| politicalContext | relations between Sparta and the Achaemenid Empire ⓘ |
| regionOfActivity |
Asia Minor
ⓘ
Mesopotamia ⓘ |
| roleAtBattleOfCunaxa | commander of the Greek right wing ⓘ |
| servedUnder | Cyrus the Younger ⓘ |
| sourceMention |
Anabasis
ⓘ
surface form:
Xenophon’s Anabasis
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Clearchus of Sparta Description of subject: Clearchus of Sparta was a 5th-century BC Spartan general best known for commanding Greek mercenaries in Cyrus the Younger's campaign against Artaxerxes II, as famously recounted in Xenophon's Anabasis.
Referenced by (7)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Cheirisophus the Spartan
subject surface form:
Ten Thousand