Ray Hyman
E36096
Ray Hyman is an American psychologist, skeptic, and prominent critic of parapsychology known for his work in scientifically investigating and debunking paranormal claims.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ray Hyman canonical | 4 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T56489 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ray Hyman Context triple: [Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal, foundedBy, Ray Hyman]
-
A.
Philip Handler
Philip Handler was an influential American biochemist and longtime president of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, recognized for his leadership in science policy and public service.
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B.
Bill Kramer
Bill Kramer is an American entrepreneur best known for establishing the iconic independent bookstore and café Kramerbooks & Afterwords Cafe in Washington, D.C.
-
C.
Janno Lieber
Janno Lieber is an American public official and transportation executive who leads New York’s Metropolitan Transportation Authority, overseeing the city’s vast subway, bus, and commuter rail systems.
-
D.
Sam Zussman
Sam Zussman is a sports and media executive who serves as a top business leader for the NBA’s Brooklyn Nets organization.
-
E.
Ralph Leighton
Ralph Leighton is an American author and longtime friend of physicist Richard Feynman, known for co-authoring books such as "Surely You’re Joking, Mr. Feynman!" and "What Do You Care What Other People Think?".
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ray Hyman Target entity description: Ray Hyman is an American psychologist, skeptic, and prominent critic of parapsychology known for his work in scientifically investigating and debunking paranormal claims.
-
A.
Philip Handler
Philip Handler was an influential American biochemist and longtime president of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, recognized for his leadership in science policy and public service.
-
B.
Bill Kramer
Bill Kramer is an American entrepreneur best known for establishing the iconic independent bookstore and café Kramerbooks & Afterwords Cafe in Washington, D.C.
-
C.
Janno Lieber
Janno Lieber is an American public official and transportation executive who leads New York’s Metropolitan Transportation Authority, overseeing the city’s vast subway, bus, and commuter rail systems.
-
D.
Sam Zussman
Sam Zussman is a sports and media executive who serves as a top business leader for the NBA’s Brooklyn Nets organization.
-
E.
Ralph Leighton
Ralph Leighton is an American author and longtime friend of physicist Richard Feynman, known for co-authoring books such as "Surely You’re Joking, Mr. Feynman!" and "What Do You Care What Other People Think?".
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
human
ⓘ
parapsychology critic ⓘ psychologist ⓘ skeptic ⓘ |
| academicDiscipline | psychology ⓘ |
| affiliation |
Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal
ⓘ
surface form:
Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
|
| awardReceived |
Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal
ⓘ
surface form:
Fellowship in the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
In Praise of Reason Award ⓘ |
| countryOfCitizenship | United States of America ⓘ |
| educatedAt |
Boston University
ⓘ
Johns Hopkins University ⓘ
surface form:
The Johns Hopkins University
|
| employer | University of Oregon ⓘ |
| fieldOfWork |
critical thinking
ⓘ
parapsychology ⓘ psychology ⓘ scientific skepticism ⓘ |
| genre |
popular science
ⓘ
skeptical literature ⓘ |
| hasParticipatedIn |
public debates on parapsychology
ⓘ
scientific panels evaluating paranormal research ⓘ |
| hasWritten |
articles on critical thinking
ⓘ
articles on parapsychology ⓘ articles on scientific skepticism ⓘ |
| knownFor |
analysis of Ganzfeld experiments
ⓘ
critical evaluation of parapsychological experiments ⓘ debunking of psychic and paranormal claims ⓘ writings on cold reading ⓘ |
| languageOfWorkOrName | English ⓘ |
| memberOf |
Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal
ⓘ
surface form:
Committee for Skeptical Inquiry
|
| movement |
scientific skepticism
ⓘ
skeptical movement ⓘ |
| notableFor |
criticism of parapsychology
ⓘ
investigation of paranormal claims ⓘ promotion of scientific skepticism ⓘ |
| notableIdea |
application of rigorous experimental design to paranormal claims
ⓘ
psychological explanations for apparent psychic phenomena ⓘ |
| occupation |
author
ⓘ
psychologist ⓘ skeptic ⓘ university professor ⓘ |
| positionHeld | fellow of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry ⓘ |
| residence | Oregon ⓘ |
| sexOrGender | male ⓘ |
| workLocation | University of Oregon ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ray Hyman Description of subject: Ray Hyman is an American psychologist, skeptic, and prominent critic of parapsychology known for his work in scientifically investigating and debunking paranormal claims.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Committee for Skeptical Inquiry