Battle of Lalakaon (support role, 863)
E309598
The Battle of Lalakaon (863) was a decisive Byzantine victory over Arab forces in Asia Minor that halted major Muslim raids into the region and marked a turning point in the empire’s eastern resurgence.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Battle of Lalakaon (support role, 863) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2924057 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Lalakaon (support role, 863) Context triple: [Byzantine navy, significantEvent, Battle of Lalakaon (support role, 863)]
-
A.
Battle of Dara (530)
The Battle of Dara (530) was a major clash between the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire and the Sasanian Persian Empire in which the general Belisarius won a notable victory that helped establish his military reputation.
-
B.
Battle of Carthage (698)
The Battle of Carthage (698) was a decisive confrontation in which Umayyad forces captured and destroyed the Byzantine stronghold of Carthage, cementing Muslim control over North Africa and accelerating the region’s Islamization.
-
C.
Battle of Ayn al-Warda (685)
The Battle of Ayn al-Warda (685) was a key engagement during the Second Fitna in which pro-Alid Kufan forces were decisively defeated by the Umayyads, marking the collapse of the Tawwabin uprising.
-
D.
Battle of Maskin (691)
The Battle of Maskin (691) was a decisive engagement in early Islamic history in which the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik’s forces defeated the army of the anti-caliph Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, helping to end the Second Fitna and restore Umayyad control over the caliphate.
-
E.
Battle of Marj Rahit (684)
The Battle of Marj Rahit (684) was a decisive early Umayyad victory during the Second Fitna that solidified Marwan I’s claim to the caliphate and deepened divisions within the early Islamic community.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Lalakaon (support role, 863) Target entity description: The Battle of Lalakaon (863) was a decisive Byzantine victory over Arab forces in Asia Minor that halted major Muslim raids into the region and marked a turning point in the empire’s eastern resurgence.
-
A.
Battle of Dara (530)
The Battle of Dara (530) was a major clash between the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire and the Sasanian Persian Empire in which the general Belisarius won a notable victory that helped establish his military reputation.
-
B.
Battle of Carthage (698)
The Battle of Carthage (698) was a decisive confrontation in which Umayyad forces captured and destroyed the Byzantine stronghold of Carthage, cementing Muslim control over North Africa and accelerating the region’s Islamization.
-
C.
Battle of Ayn al-Warda (685)
The Battle of Ayn al-Warda (685) was a key engagement during the Second Fitna in which pro-Alid Kufan forces were decisively defeated by the Umayyads, marking the collapse of the Tawwabin uprising.
-
D.
Battle of Maskin (691)
The Battle of Maskin (691) was a decisive engagement in early Islamic history in which the Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik’s forces defeated the army of the anti-caliph Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, helping to end the Second Fitna and restore Umayyad control over the caliphate.
-
E.
Battle of Marj Rahit (684)
The Battle of Marj Rahit (684) was a decisive early Umayyad victory during the Second Fitna that solidified Marwan I’s claim to the caliphate and deepened divisions within the early Islamic community.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (43)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Byzantine–Arab conflict
ⓘ
battle ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Battle of Poson ⓘ |
| associatedWith | Byzantine military revival in the 9th century ⓘ |
| belligerent |
Abbasid Caliphate
ⓘ
Byzantine Empire ⓘ Emirate of Melitene ⓘ |
| campaign | Byzantine counteroffensive against frontier emirates ⓘ |
| chronologicalContext | 9th century ⓘ |
| chronologyWithinWar | late phase of Arab–Byzantine frontier warfare ⓘ |
| combatantSide |
Muslim emirates of the Near East
ⓘ
surface form:
Muslim emirates of the eastern frontier
|
| commander |
Nasr ibn Shabath
ⓘ
Omar al-Aqta ⓘ Petronas ⓘ |
| conflictType | pitched battle ⓘ |
| date | 863 ⓘ |
| era | Middle Byzantine period ⓘ |
| followedBy |
Arab–Byzantine wars
ⓘ
surface form:
Byzantine offensives in the East
|
| historicalSignificance | decisive Byzantine victory over Arab forces ⓘ |
| involvedMilitaryUnit | Byzantine themata ⓘ |
| locatedInPresentDay | Turkey ⓘ |
| longTermImpact |
reduced frequency of large-scale Arab incursions into Asia Minor
ⓘ
strengthened Byzantine control over central Anatolia ⓘ |
| militaryTheater |
Byzantine frontier regions
ⓘ
surface form:
Byzantine eastern frontier
|
| notableConsequence | death of Omar al-Aqta, emir of Melitene ⓘ |
| opponentCommander | Omar al-Aqta ⓘ |
| partOf | Arab–Byzantine wars ⓘ |
| place |
Anatolia
ⓘ
Asia Minor ⓘ |
| precededBy | Arab raids into Anatolia in early 9th century ⓘ |
| primaryOpponentsReligion | Christian Byzantines vs. Muslim Arabs ⓘ |
| region |
Cappadocia
ⓘ
surface form:
Cappadocia (approximate area)
|
| relatedEvent |
Byzantine reconquest of eastern Anatolia
ⓘ
Siege of Amorium ⓘ
surface form:
Sack of Amorium
|
| religiousContext | Christian–Muslim frontier warfare ⓘ |
| result | Byzantine victory ⓘ |
| strategicOutcome |
halted major Muslim raids into Asia Minor
ⓘ
marked turning point in Byzantine eastern resurgence ⓘ |
| tacticalFeature |
coordination of multiple Byzantine thematic armies
ⓘ
encirclement of Arab army ⓘ |
| typeOfEngagement | land battle ⓘ |
| underRuler |
Byzantine Emperor Basil I
ⓘ
surface form:
Basil I (as rising figure at court)
Byzantine Emperor Michael III ⓘ
surface form:
Emperor Michael III
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Battle of Lalakaon (support role, 863) Description of subject: The Battle of Lalakaon (863) was a decisive Byzantine victory over Arab forces in Asia Minor that halted major Muslim raids into the region and marked a turning point in the empire’s eastern resurgence.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.