Constitution of Japan Article 98
E302131
Constitution of Japan Article 98 is a provision that establishes the supremacy of the Constitution over all other laws and treaties and mandates that any laws, ordinances, or governmental acts contrary to it are invalid.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Constitution of Japan Article 98 canonical | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2787660 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Constitution of Japan Article 98 Context triple: [Constitution of Japan Article 81, relatedTo, Constitution of Japan Article 98]
-
A.
Constitution of Japan Article 76
Constitution of Japan Article 76 is the provision that establishes the independence of the judiciary and vests judicial power exclusively in the courts, prohibiting extraordinary tribunals and executive interference in judicial functions.
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B.
Constitution of Japan Article 81
Constitution of Japan Article 81 is the constitutional provision that grants the Supreme Court of Japan the power of judicial review to determine the constitutionality of laws and official acts.
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C.
Article 68 of the Constitution of Japan
Article 68 of the Constitution of Japan is the provision that regulates the appointment and dismissal of Cabinet ministers, including the requirement that the Prime Minister appoint them and may remove them at will.
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D.
Article 69 of the Constitution of Japan
Article 69 of the Constitution of Japan is the provision that regulates how the House of Representatives can pass a no-confidence resolution against the Cabinet and the resulting obligation of the Cabinet to resign en masse or dissolve the House.
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E.
Article 59 of the Constitution of Japan
Article 59 of the Constitution of Japan is the provision that defines how the House of Representatives can override decisions of the House of Councillors in the legislative process, thereby establishing the lower house’s supremacy in passing laws.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Constitution of Japan Article 98 Target entity description: Constitution of Japan Article 98 is a provision that establishes the supremacy of the Constitution over all other laws and treaties and mandates that any laws, ordinances, or governmental acts contrary to it are invalid.
-
A.
Constitution of Japan Article 76
Constitution of Japan Article 76 is the provision that establishes the independence of the judiciary and vests judicial power exclusively in the courts, prohibiting extraordinary tribunals and executive interference in judicial functions.
-
B.
Constitution of Japan Article 81
Constitution of Japan Article 81 is the constitutional provision that grants the Supreme Court of Japan the power of judicial review to determine the constitutionality of laws and official acts.
-
C.
Article 68 of the Constitution of Japan
Article 68 of the Constitution of Japan is the provision that regulates the appointment and dismissal of Cabinet ministers, including the requirement that the Prime Minister appoint them and may remove them at will.
-
D.
Article 69 of the Constitution of Japan
Article 69 of the Constitution of Japan is the provision that regulates how the House of Representatives can pass a no-confidence resolution against the Cabinet and the resulting obligation of the Cabinet to resign en masse or dissolve the House.
-
E.
Article 59 of the Constitution of Japan
Article 59 of the Constitution of Japan is the provision that defines how the House of Representatives can override decisions of the House of Councillors in the legislative process, thereby establishing the lower house’s supremacy in passing laws.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (40)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
article of the Constitution of Japan
ⓘ
constitutional provision ⓘ |
| appliesIn | domestic legal order of Japan ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
laws
ⓘ
ordinances ⓘ other governmental acts ⓘ rescripts ⓘ |
| bindingOn |
executive branch of Japan
ⓘ
judicial branch of Japan ⓘ legislative branch of Japan ⓘ |
| comparedWith |
Supremacy Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution
|
| constitutionalType | supremacy clause ⓘ |
| country | Japan ⓘ |
| dateEffective | 1947-05-03 ⓘ |
| declares |
any law, ordinance, imperial rescript or other act of government contrary to the Constitution has no legal force
ⓘ
established laws of nations shall be faithfully observed ⓘ treaties concluded by Japan shall be faithfully observed ⓘ |
| ensures | primacy of constitutional rights and principles over conflicting legislation ⓘ |
| establishesPrinciple |
binding force of treaties and international law
ⓘ
constitutional supremacy ⓘ invalidity of laws contrary to the Constitution ⓘ |
| hasSection |
Article 98(1)
ⓘ
Article 98(2) ⓘ |
| hierarchyOfNorms |
Constitution superior to governmental acts
ⓘ
Constitution superior to statutes and ordinances ⓘ |
| language | Japanese ⓘ |
| legalEffect |
gives constitutional norms higher authority than statutes
ⓘ
renders unconstitutional laws and acts void ⓘ requires government organs to comply with the Constitution ⓘ |
| legalSystem | Japanese constitutional law ⓘ |
| partOf | Constitution of Japan ⓘ |
| relatedArticle | Constitution of Japan Article 81 ⓘ |
| relatedPrinciple |
judicial review in Japan
ⓘ
rule of law ⓘ |
| requires |
faithful observance of established laws of nations by Japan
ⓘ
faithful observance of treaties by Japan ⓘ |
| scope | all organs of the State ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
invalidity of unconstitutional laws and acts
ⓘ
status of treaties and established laws of nations ⓘ supremacy of the Constitution ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Constitution of Japan Article 98 Description of subject: Constitution of Japan Article 98 is a provision that establishes the supremacy of the Constitution over all other laws and treaties and mandates that any laws, ordinances, or governmental acts contrary to it are invalid.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.