2011–2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption
E265479
The 2011–2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption was a major explosive volcanic event in southern Chile that produced extensive ash plumes, disrupted air travel across the Southern Hemisphere, and caused significant environmental and economic impacts in Chile and neighboring Argentina.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| 2011–2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2417735 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 2011–2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption Context triple: [Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes, notableEruption, 2011–2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption]
-
A.
1971 Teneguía eruption
The 1971 Teneguía eruption was a basaltic fissure eruption on the southern tip of La Palma in the Canary Islands, notable for its relatively mild explosive activity, extensive lava flows, and role in shaping the island’s modern volcanic landscape.
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B.
Oruanui eruption of Taupō volcano
The Oruanui eruption of Taupō volcano was a massive supereruption about 26,500 years ago that created Lake Taupō and is one of the largest known volcanic eruptions on Earth in the last 100,000 years.
-
C.
Parinacota Volcano
Parinacota Volcano is a large, snow-capped stratovolcano in the Chilean Andes, notable for its symmetrical cone and location within the Lauca National Park near the Bolivian border.
-
D.
Villarrica Volcano
Villarrica Volcano is one of Chile’s most active and iconic stratovolcanoes, known for its persistent lava lake and popularity as a mountaineering and skiing destination.
-
E.
Calbuco Volcano
Calbuco Volcano is an active stratovolcano in southern Chile known for its explosive eruptions and prominent presence in the Andean landscape.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: 2011–2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption Target entity description: The 2011–2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption was a major explosive volcanic event in southern Chile that produced extensive ash plumes, disrupted air travel across the Southern Hemisphere, and caused significant environmental and economic impacts in Chile and neighboring Argentina.
-
A.
1971 Teneguía eruption
The 1971 Teneguía eruption was a basaltic fissure eruption on the southern tip of La Palma in the Canary Islands, notable for its relatively mild explosive activity, extensive lava flows, and role in shaping the island’s modern volcanic landscape.
-
B.
Oruanui eruption of Taupō volcano
The Oruanui eruption of Taupō volcano was a massive supereruption about 26,500 years ago that created Lake Taupō and is one of the largest known volcanic eruptions on Earth in the last 100,000 years.
-
C.
Parinacota Volcano
Parinacota Volcano is a large, snow-capped stratovolcano in the Chilean Andes, notable for its symmetrical cone and location within the Lauca National Park near the Bolivian border.
-
D.
Villarrica Volcano
Villarrica Volcano is one of Chile’s most active and iconic stratovolcanoes, known for its persistent lava lake and popularity as a mountaineering and skiing destination.
-
E.
Calbuco Volcano
Calbuco Volcano is an active stratovolcano in southern Chile known for its explosive eruptions and prominent presence in the Andean landscape.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
explosive eruption
ⓘ
volcanic eruption ⓘ |
| affectedCity |
Bariloche
ⓘ
San Martín de los Andes ⓘ Villa La Angostura ⓘ |
| affectedCountry |
Argentina
ⓘ
Chile ⓘ |
| affectedRegion | Patagonia ⓘ |
| ashPlumeExtent |
Indian Ocean
ⓘ
South Atlantic ⓘ South Pacific ⓘ Southern Hemisphere ⓘ |
| ashPlumeHeight |
approximately 14 km
ⓘ
over 10 km ⓘ |
| caused |
airport closures
ⓘ
disruption of air travel ⓘ extensive ash fall ⓘ flight cancellations ⓘ |
| continent | South America ⓘ |
| country | Chile ⓘ |
| economicImpact |
costs of ash cleanup
ⓘ
disruption of transportation ⓘ losses in agriculture ⓘ losses in tourism ⓘ |
| endTime | 2012 ⓘ |
| environmentalImpact |
ash deposition on lakes
ⓘ
contamination of water bodies ⓘ damage to vegetation ⓘ impacts on livestock ⓘ |
| eruptionSequence |
initial explosive phase in June 2011
ⓘ
prolonged ash emission into 2012 ⓘ |
| eruptionStyle |
explosive phase followed by effusive activity
ⓘ
fissure eruption ⓘ |
| eruptionType |
Plinian
ⓘ
sub-Plinian ⓘ |
| eruptionYear |
2011
ⓘ
2012 ⓘ |
| monitoringAgency |
Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería de Chile
ⓘ
surface form:
Chilean National Geology and Mining Service
Servicio Nacional de Geología y Minería de Chile ⓘ |
| produced |
lava flows
ⓘ
pyroclastic flows ⓘ volcanic ash clouds ⓘ |
| region | southern Chile ⓘ |
| startTime | 2011-06-04 ⓘ |
| tectonicSetting | Southern Volcanic Zone of the Andes ⓘ |
| VEI | 5 ⓘ |
| volcano | Puyehue-Cordón Caulle ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: 2011–2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption Description of subject: The 2011–2012 Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption was a major explosive volcanic event in southern Chile that produced extensive ash plumes, disrupted air travel across the Southern Hemisphere, and caused significant environmental and economic impacts in Chile and neighboring Argentina.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.