False Claims Act
E250310
The False Claims Act is a U.S. federal law that imposes liability on individuals and companies who defraud government programs, notably allowing whistleblowers to file actions on the government's behalf.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| False Claims Act canonical | 2 |
| False Claims Act (in coordination with DOJ) | 1 |
| civil False Claims Act | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2259590 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: False Claims Act Context triple: [False Claims Amendments Act of 1986, partOf, False Claims Act]
-
A.
False Claims Amendments Act of 1986
The False Claims Amendments Act of 1986 is a major U.S. federal law that strengthened the government’s ability to combat fraud against federal programs by expanding whistleblower (qui tam) provisions and increasing penalties for false claims.
-
B.
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act is a U.S. federal law that prohibits bribery of foreign officials and mandates accurate corporate accounting to combat international corruption.
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C.
Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Act
The Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Act is a U.S. federal law aimed at reducing, identifying, and recovering improper government payments to improve the integrity and efficiency of federal spending.
-
D.
Fraud Section
The Fraud Section is a specialized unit within the U.S. Department of Justice that investigates and prosecutes complex financial and corporate fraud, including securities, health care, and foreign bribery offenses.
-
E.
Clayton Act provisions
The Clayton Act provisions are U.S. federal antitrust rules that restrict anti-competitive practices such as price discrimination, exclusive dealing, tying arrangements, and certain mergers and acquisitions to protect market competition.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: False Claims Act Target entity description: The False Claims Act is a U.S. federal law that imposes liability on individuals and companies who defraud government programs, notably allowing whistleblowers to file actions on the government's behalf.
-
A.
False Claims Amendments Act of 1986
The False Claims Amendments Act of 1986 is a major U.S. federal law that strengthened the government’s ability to combat fraud against federal programs by expanding whistleblower (qui tam) provisions and increasing penalties for false claims.
-
B.
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act is a U.S. federal law that prohibits bribery of foreign officials and mandates accurate corporate accounting to combat international corruption.
-
C.
Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Act
The Improper Payments Elimination and Recovery Act is a U.S. federal law aimed at reducing, identifying, and recovering improper government payments to improve the integrity and efficiency of federal spending.
-
D.
Fraud Section
The Fraud Section is a specialized unit within the U.S. Department of Justice that investigates and prosecutes complex financial and corporate fraud, including securities, health care, and foreign bribery offenses.
-
E.
Clayton Act provisions
The Clayton Act provisions are U.S. federal antitrust rules that restrict anti-competitive practices such as price discrimination, exclusive dealing, tying arrangements, and certain mergers and acquisitions to protect market competition.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal statute
ⓘ
anti-fraud law ⓘ |
| allows |
civil actions against individuals and companies that defraud federal programs
ⓘ
whistleblowers to file lawsuits on behalf of the United States government ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Lincoln Law ⓘ |
| amendedBy |
Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act
ⓘ
False Claims Amendments Act of 1986 ⓘ Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 ⓘ Affordable Care Act ⓘ
surface form:
Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
|
| appliesTo | fraud against federal government programs ⓘ |
| codifiedIn | Title 31 of the United States Code ⓘ |
| containsProvision |
31 U.S.C. § 3729
ⓘ
31 U.S.C. § 3730 ⓘ 31 U.S.C. § 3731 ⓘ 31 U.S.C. § 3732 ⓘ 31 U.S.C. § 3733 ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| enactedDuring | American Civil War ⓘ |
| enforcedBy | United States Department of Justice ⓘ |
| grants | financial rewards to whistleblowers ⓘ |
| includesProvision | qui tam ⓘ |
| keyConcept |
conspiracy to submit false claims
ⓘ
knowingly submitting false or fraudulent claims for payment ⓘ retaliation protections for whistleblowers ⓘ reverse false claims ⓘ |
| legalDomain |
civil law
ⓘ
financial fraud involving federal funds ⓘ government contracts ⓘ health care fraud ⓘ procurement fraud ⓘ |
| originalEnactmentYear | 1863 ⓘ |
| originalSponsor |
Presidency of Abraham Lincoln
ⓘ
surface form:
Abraham Lincoln administration
|
| penaltiesAdjustedBy | Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act ⓘ |
| permits |
government to intervene in qui tam actions
ⓘ
relator to proceed with action if government declines to intervene ⓘ |
| primaryPurpose | combat fraud against the U.S. government ⓘ |
| prohibits | retaliation against employees for lawful acts in furtherance of an FCA action ⓘ |
| providesFor |
attorney’s fees for successful relators
ⓘ
civil penalties per false claim ⓘ relator share of recovery ⓘ treble damages ⓘ |
| relatorShareRange | 15–30 percent of recovery depending on circumstances ⓘ |
| retaliationRemedies |
double back pay
ⓘ
reinstatement ⓘ special damages including litigation costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees ⓘ |
| statuteOfLimitations |
generally 6 years from violation
ⓘ
up to 10 years under certain conditions ⓘ |
| usedHeavilyIn |
defense contracting enforcement
ⓘ
health care enforcement ⓘ pharmaceutical and medical device enforcement ⓘ |
| whistleblowerTerm | relator ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: False Claims Act Description of subject: The False Claims Act is a U.S. federal law that imposes liability on individuals and companies who defraud government programs, notably allowing whistleblowers to file actions on the government's behalf.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
False Claims Act (in coordination with DOJ)
this entity surface form:
civil False Claims Act