Old Frisian
E23900
Old Frisian is an early medieval West Germanic language, ancestral to modern Frisian, once spoken along the North Sea coast in what is now the northern Netherlands and northwestern Germany.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Old Frisian canonical | 15 |
| Old Frisian language | 1 |
| Old Low Franconian | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T188527 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Old Frisian Context triple: [Anglo-Frisian dialects, hasPart, Old Frisian]
-
A.
Anglo-Frisian dialects
Anglo-Frisian dialects are a group of closely related West Germanic speech varieties historically spoken in parts of England and Frisia that formed the linguistic basis for modern English and Frisian languages.
-
B.
Old Dutch
Old Dutch is the earliest recorded stage of the Dutch language, spoken in the Low Countries roughly between the 6th and 12th centuries and known from a small corpus of early medieval texts and inscriptions.
-
C.
Old English
Old English is the earliest historical form of the English language, spoken and written in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland roughly between the 5th and 12th centuries.
-
D.
Old East Norse
Old East Norse was a medieval North Germanic language variety spoken in what is now Denmark and Sweden, forming one of the main branches of Old Norse.
-
E.
Proto-Germanic
Proto-Germanic is the reconstructed common ancestor of all Germanic languages, including English, German, and the Norse languages.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Old Frisian Target entity description: Old Frisian is an early medieval West Germanic language, ancestral to modern Frisian, once spoken along the North Sea coast in what is now the northern Netherlands and northwestern Germany.
-
A.
Anglo-Frisian dialects
Anglo-Frisian dialects are a group of closely related West Germanic speech varieties historically spoken in parts of England and Frisia that formed the linguistic basis for modern English and Frisian languages.
-
B.
Old Dutch
Old Dutch is the earliest recorded stage of the Dutch language, spoken in the Low Countries roughly between the 6th and 12th centuries and known from a small corpus of early medieval texts and inscriptions.
-
C.
Old English
Old English is the earliest historical form of the English language, spoken and written in parts of what is now England and southern Scotland roughly between the 5th and 12th centuries.
-
D.
Old East Norse
Old East Norse was a medieval North Germanic language variety spoken in what is now Denmark and Sweden, forming one of the main branches of Old Norse.
-
E.
Proto-Germanic
Proto-Germanic is the reconstructed common ancestor of all Germanic languages, including English, German, and the Norse languages.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
West Germanic language
ⓘ
historical language ⓘ medieval language ⓘ |
| ancestralTo |
East Frisian Low Saxon (partly)
ⓘ
North Frisian ⓘ Saterland Frisian ⓘ Frisian (partially) ⓘ
surface form:
West Frisian
|
| closelyRelatedTo |
Old English
ⓘ
Old Saxon ⓘ |
| endTime | circa 16th century ⓘ |
| era |
High Middle Ages
ⓘ
early Middle Ages ⓘ |
| extinctionPeriod | early modern period ⓘ |
| followedBy | Middle Frisian ⓘ |
| hasDescendant |
Frisian (partially)
ⓘ
surface form:
Modern Frisian languages
|
| hasWritingTradition | yes ⓘ |
| ISO639-3 | ofs ⓘ |
| languageFamily |
Germanic
ⓘ
Indo-European language family ⓘ
surface form:
Indo-European
Anglo-Frisian dialects ⓘ
surface form:
North Sea Germanic
West Germanic languages ⓘ
surface form:
West Germanic
|
| lexicalSimilarity | high with Old English ⓘ |
| morphologicalFeature |
four-case nominal system (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative)
ⓘ
grammatical gender (masculine, feminine, neuter) ⓘ strong and weak verb distinction ⓘ |
| notableCorpus | Old Frisian law codes ⓘ |
| phonologicalFeature |
Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law
ⓘ
loss of nasal before fricatives ⓘ |
| primaryTextType |
charters
ⓘ
law codes ⓘ legal texts ⓘ oaths ⓘ |
| region |
Friesland
ⓘ
surface form:
Frisia
North Sea ⓘ
surface form:
North Sea coast
present-day northern Netherlands ⓘ present-day northwestern Germany ⓘ |
| scriptDirection | left-to-right ⓘ |
| spokenIn | Frisian coastal areas between Rhine and Weser ⓘ |
| startTime | circa 8th century ⓘ |
| status | extinct ⓘ |
| subclassOf |
Frisian (partially)
ⓘ
surface form:
Frisian languages
Germanic languages ⓘ Indo-European language family ⓘ
surface form:
Indo-European languages
Anglo-Frisian dialects ⓘ
surface form:
Ingvaeonic languages
|
| writingSystem | Latin script ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Old Frisian Description of subject: Old Frisian is an early medieval West Germanic language, ancestral to modern Frisian, once spoken along the North Sea coast in what is now the northern Netherlands and northwestern Germany.
Referenced by (17)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Old Low Franconian
subject surface form:
Frisian languages
this entity surface form:
Old Frisian language