Geary Act
E196680
The Geary Act was an 1892 U.S. law that extended and intensified Chinese exclusion by requiring Chinese residents to carry residency permits and imposing harsh penalties for noncompliance.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Geary Act canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1758269 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Geary Act Context triple: [Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, relatedTo, Geary Act]
-
A.
Butler Act
The Butler Act was a Tennessee state law enacted in 1925 that prohibited the teaching of human evolution in public schools, becoming infamous as the focus of the Scopes "Monkey" Trial.
-
B.
Glass–Owen Act
The Glass–Owen Act is the landmark 1913 U.S. law that created the Federal Reserve System as the nation’s central bank to stabilize the financial system and manage monetary policy.
-
C.
Burton Act
The Burton Act is a key piece of legislation that established the governance and management framework for the Port of San Francisco.
-
D.
McMahon Act
The McMahon Act is a landmark 1946 U.S. law that established civilian control over nuclear energy and restricted the sharing of atomic information, laying the foundation for American nuclear policy during the early Cold War.
-
E.
Foraker Act
The Foraker Act was a 1900 U.S. federal law that established civilian government in Puerto Rico following the Spanish–American War, defining the island’s political and economic relationship with the United States.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Geary Act Target entity description: The Geary Act was an 1892 U.S. law that extended and intensified Chinese exclusion by requiring Chinese residents to carry residency permits and imposing harsh penalties for noncompliance.
-
A.
Butler Act
The Butler Act was a Tennessee state law enacted in 1925 that prohibited the teaching of human evolution in public schools, becoming infamous as the focus of the Scopes "Monkey" Trial.
-
B.
Glass–Owen Act
The Glass–Owen Act is the landmark 1913 U.S. law that created the Federal Reserve System as the nation’s central bank to stabilize the financial system and manage monetary policy.
-
C.
Burton Act
The Burton Act is a key piece of legislation that established the governance and management framework for the Port of San Francisco.
-
D.
McMahon Act
The McMahon Act is a landmark 1946 U.S. law that established civilian control over nuclear energy and restricted the sharing of atomic information, laying the foundation for American nuclear policy during the early Cold War.
-
E.
Foraker Act
The Foraker Act was a 1900 U.S. federal law that established civilian government in Puerto Rico following the Spanish–American War, defining the island’s political and economic relationship with the United States.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal law
ⓘ
anti-Chinese legislation ⓘ immigration law ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
Chinese immigrants in the United States
ⓘ
Chinese residents in the United States ⓘ |
| containsProvision |
denial of bail to Chinese persons awaiting deportation in many cases
ⓘ
requirement of at least one white witness to support Chinese residency claims ⓘ |
| controversy | criticized as discriminatory and unconstitutional by Chinese communities and civil rights advocates ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| dateEnacted | 1892-05-05 ⓘ |
| discriminatesAgainst |
Chinese immigrants
ⓘ
Chinese laborers ⓘ |
| effect |
increased surveillance of Chinese communities
ⓘ
reinforced Chinese exclusion regime ⓘ strengthened federal power to deport Chinese residents ⓘ |
| extends |
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
ⓘ
surface form:
Chinese Exclusion Act
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 ⓘ |
| fullName | An Act to prohibit the coming of Chinese persons into the United States ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod |
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
ⓘ
surface form:
Era of Chinese exclusion in the United States
|
| imposes | penalties for Chinese residents without certificates of residence ⓘ |
| initialDuration | 10 years ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States government
ⓘ
surface form:
United States federal government
|
| laterExtendedBy |
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
ⓘ
surface form:
Chinese Exclusion Act extensions of 1902
Scott Act ⓘ |
| legalDoctrine | race-based immigration restriction ⓘ |
| legalStatusOfNoncompliance | misdemeanor ⓘ |
| legislativeBody | United States Congress ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Thomas J. Geary ⓘ |
| opposedBy |
Chinese American community
ⓘ
Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association of San Francisco ⓘ
surface form:
Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association
Chinese Six Companies ⓘ |
| penalty |
deportation of undocumented Chinese residents
ⓘ
imprisonment for Chinese residents without proper documentation ⓘ |
| presidentAtEnactment | Benjamin Harrison ⓘ |
| purpose |
to extend Chinese exclusion policies
ⓘ
to intensify restrictions on Chinese immigration and residence ⓘ |
| relatedCase | Fong Yue Ting v. United States ⓘ |
| requires |
Chinese laborers to obtain certificates of residence
ⓘ
Chinese residents to carry certificates of residence ⓘ Chinese residents to register with federal authorities ⓘ |
| signedBy | Benjamin Harrison ⓘ |
| sponsor | Thomas J. Geary ⓘ |
| subjectOf |
Chinese American legal history scholarship
ⓘ
United States immigration history studies ⓘ |
| temporalCoverageStart | 1892 ⓘ |
| upheldBy | Fong Yue Ting v. United States ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 1892 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Geary Act Description of subject: The Geary Act was an 1892 U.S. law that extended and intensified Chinese exclusion by requiring Chinese residents to carry residency permits and imposing harsh penalties for noncompliance.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.