Battle of Cold Harbor
E164646
The Battle of Cold Harbor was a major and notoriously bloody 1864 Civil War engagement near Richmond, Virginia, in which Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee repelled repeated Union assaults during Ulysses S. Grant’s Overland Campaign.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Battle of Cold Harbor canonical | 8 |
| First Battle of Cold Harbor | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1080882 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Cold Harbor Context triple: [Army of Northern Virginia, notableBattle, Battle of Cold Harbor]
-
A.
Battle of Spotsylvania Court House
The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House was a major and brutal engagement of the American Civil War’s Overland Campaign in May 1864, marked by intense trench warfare and heavy casualties between Union forces under Ulysses S. Grant and Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee.
-
B.
Battle of the Wilderness
The Battle of the Wilderness was a brutal, inconclusive 1864 Civil War clash in dense Virginia woods between Ulysses S. Grant’s Union forces and Robert E. Lee’s Confederate army, marking the start of Grant’s Overland Campaign.
-
C.
Second Battle of Winchester
The Second Battle of Winchester was a major Confederate victory in June 1863 during the American Civil War that opened the Shenandoah Valley for Robert E. Lee’s army and set the stage for the Gettysburg Campaign.
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D.
Battle of Fredericksburg
The Battle of Fredericksburg was a major American Civil War engagement in December 1862, marked by a decisive Confederate victory and massive Union casualties during repeated frontal assaults against fortified Southern positions in Virginia.
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E.
Battle of Chancellorsville
The Battle of Chancellorsville was a major American Civil War engagement in 1863 in Virginia, noted for Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s audacious and tactically brilliant victory over a much larger Union force.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Cold Harbor Target entity description: The Battle of Cold Harbor was a major and notoriously bloody 1864 Civil War engagement near Richmond, Virginia, in which Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee repelled repeated Union assaults during Ulysses S. Grant’s Overland Campaign.
-
A.
Battle of Spotsylvania Court House
The Battle of Spotsylvania Court House was a major and brutal engagement of the American Civil War’s Overland Campaign in May 1864, marked by intense trench warfare and heavy casualties between Union forces under Ulysses S. Grant and Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee.
-
B.
Battle of the Wilderness
The Battle of the Wilderness was a brutal, inconclusive 1864 Civil War clash in dense Virginia woods between Ulysses S. Grant’s Union forces and Robert E. Lee’s Confederate army, marking the start of Grant’s Overland Campaign.
-
C.
Second Battle of Winchester
The Second Battle of Winchester was a major Confederate victory in June 1863 during the American Civil War that opened the Shenandoah Valley for Robert E. Lee’s army and set the stage for the Gettysburg Campaign.
-
D.
Battle of Fredericksburg
The Battle of Fredericksburg was a major American Civil War engagement in December 1862, marked by a decisive Confederate victory and massive Union casualties during repeated frontal assaults against fortified Southern positions in Virginia.
-
E.
Battle of Chancellorsville
The Battle of Chancellorsville was a major American Civil War engagement in 1863 in Virginia, noted for Confederate General Robert E. Lee’s audacious and tactically brilliant victory over a much larger Union force.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
American Civil War battle
ⓘ
battle ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Cold Harbor, Virginia
ⓘ
surface form:
Cold Harbor
|
| belligerent |
Confederate States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
Confederacy
Union ⓘ |
| campaignObjective | to move south of the Chickahominy River and threaten Richmond ⓘ |
| category |
Battles of the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War
ⓘ
Confederate victories of the American Civil War ⓘ Overland Campaign battles ⓘ |
| characterization |
notorious for high Union casualties in frontal assaults
ⓘ
one of the bloodiest engagements of the American Civil War ⓘ |
| commander |
George G. Meade
ⓘ
Robert E. Lee ⓘ Ulysses S. Grant ⓘ |
| ConfederateArmy | Army of Northern Virginia ⓘ |
| ConfederateCasualtiesAndLosses | approximately 5000 ⓘ |
| ConfederateCommander | Robert E. Lee ⓘ |
| ConfederateForceSize | approximately 60000 ⓘ |
| conflictIn | American Civil War ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| defensiveFeature | strong Confederate earthworks and entrenchments ⓘ |
| endDate | 1864-06-12 ⓘ |
| followedBy | Second Battle of Petersburg ⓘ |
| location |
Cold Harbor, Virginia
ⓘ
near Richmond, Virginia ⓘ |
| mainPhaseDate | 1864-06-03 ⓘ |
| managedBy |
National Park Service
ⓘ
surface form:
U.S. National Park Service
|
| memorial | Cold Harbor Battlefield Park ⓘ |
| notableEvent | massive Union frontal assault on entrenched Confederate lines on 1864-06-03 ⓘ |
| notableFor |
Grant’s later regret over ordering frontal attacks
ⓘ
entrenched defensive warfare ⓘ |
| partOf | Overland Campaign ⓘ |
| precededBy | Battle of North Anna ⓘ |
| result | Confederate victory ⓘ |
| startDate | 1864-05-31 ⓘ |
| state | Virginia ⓘ |
| strategicContext | Grant’s strategy of continuous engagement against Lee’s army ⓘ |
| tacticalOutcome | failed Union assaults ⓘ |
| theater | Eastern Theater of the American Civil War ⓘ |
| UnionArmy | Army of the Potomac ⓘ |
| UnionCasualtiesAndLosses | approximately 13000 ⓘ |
| UnionCommander |
George G. Meade
ⓘ
Ulysses S. Grant ⓘ |
| UnionForceSize | approximately 100000 ⓘ |
| year | 1864 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Battle of Cold Harbor Description of subject: The Battle of Cold Harbor was a major and notoriously bloody 1864 Civil War engagement near Richmond, Virginia, in which Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee repelled repeated Union assaults during Ulysses S. Grant’s Overland Campaign.
Referenced by (9)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Battle of Gaines's Mill
this entity surface form:
First Battle of Cold Harbor