Treaty of Callias
E1036312
The Treaty of Callias was a purported 5th-century BCE peace agreement between Athens and the Persian Empire that is traditionally said to have ended the Greco-Persian Wars, though its historicity is debated by modern scholars.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Treaty of Callias canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T13379103 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty of Callias Context triple: [Peace of Callias, hasAlternativeName, Treaty of Callias]
-
A.
Treaty of Heraclea
The Treaty of Heraclea was a peace agreement concluded in 280 BC between Rome and King Pyrrhus of Epirus after the Battle of Heraclea during the Pyrrhic War.
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B.
Treaty of Nymphaeum
The Treaty of Nymphaeum was a 1261 alliance between the Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Genoa that granted Genoa extensive commercial privileges and helped establish its dominance in Black Sea trade.
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C.
Treaty of Dardanus
The Treaty of Dardanus was the 85 BC peace agreement between Roman general Sulla and King Mithridates VI of Pontus that ended the First Mithridatic War by restoring Roman control in the eastern Mediterranean.
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D.
Peace of Nicias
The Peace of Nicias was a temporary truce concluded in 421 BCE between Athens and Sparta that paused but failed to resolve the Peloponnesian War.
-
E.
Treaty of 435
The Treaty of 435 was an agreement between the Western Roman Empire and the Vandal Kingdom that formally recognized Vandal control over parts of North Africa in exchange for peace and tribute.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty of Callias Target entity description: The Treaty of Callias was a purported 5th-century BCE peace agreement between Athens and the Persian Empire that is traditionally said to have ended the Greco-Persian Wars, though its historicity is debated by modern scholars.
-
A.
Treaty of Heraclea
The Treaty of Heraclea was a peace agreement concluded in 280 BC between Rome and King Pyrrhus of Epirus after the Battle of Heraclea during the Pyrrhic War.
-
B.
Treaty of Nymphaeum
The Treaty of Nymphaeum was a 1261 alliance between the Byzantine Empire and the Republic of Genoa that granted Genoa extensive commercial privileges and helped establish its dominance in Black Sea trade.
-
C.
Treaty of Dardanus
The Treaty of Dardanus was the 85 BC peace agreement between Roman general Sulla and King Mithridates VI of Pontus that ended the First Mithridatic War by restoring Roman control in the eastern Mediterranean.
-
D.
Peace of Nicias
The Peace of Nicias was a temporary truce concluded in 421 BCE between Athens and Sparta that paused but failed to resolve the Peloponnesian War.
-
E.
Treaty of 435
The Treaty of 435 was an agreement between the Western Roman Empire and the Vandal Kingdom that formally recognized Vandal control over parts of North Africa in exchange for peace and tribute.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
historical controversy
ⓘ
peace agreement ⓘ treaty ⓘ |
| alternativeName |
Peace of Callias
ⓘ
linked to:
Peace of Callias (traditional attribution)
|
| chronologyRelation |
after Battle of Eurymedon
ⓘ
after Battle of Plataea ⓘ after Battle of Salamis ⓘ |
| conflictEnded | Greco-Persian Wars ⓘ |
| countryInvolved |
Achaemenid Empire
ⓘ
Athens ⓘ |
| describedAs |
purported peace treaty
ⓘ
traditional end of the Greco-Persian Wars ⓘ |
| describedBySource |
Demosthenes
ⓘ
Diodorus Siculus ⓘ Isocrates ⓘ Plutarch ⓘ |
| fieldOfStudy |
ancient history
ⓘ
classical studies ⓘ historiography of the Greco-Persian Wars ⓘ |
| hasApproximateTime | c. 449 BCE ⓘ |
| hasContext |
aftermath of the Battle of Eurymedon
ⓘ
mid-5th century BCE Athenian imperial expansion ⓘ |
| hasEffectOn |
Athenian hegemony in the Aegean
ⓘ
end of large-scale Persian–Greek military conflict ⓘ |
| hasLanguage | Ancient Greek ⓘ |
| hasStartTime | 5th century BCE ⓘ |
| hasSubject | diplomatic settlement between Greek poleis and Persia ⓘ |
| historicity |
debated by modern scholars
ⓘ
disputed ⓘ |
| locationOfSigning |
Athens
ⓘ
Susa ⓘ |
| mainTopic | relations between Athens and the Achaemenid Empire ⓘ |
| namedAfter | Callias ⓘ |
| notMentionedBySource |
Herodotus
ⓘ
Thucydides ⓘ |
| partOf | classical Greek–Persian diplomatic relations ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Delian League
ⓘ
Peace of Kallias ⓘ |
| signatory |
Achaemenid Empire
ⓘ
Athens ⓘ |
| stipulated |
Athens to cease hostilities against Persia
ⓘ
Persian non-intervention in Greek cities of Asia Minor ⓘ ban on Persian warships entering the Aegean Sea ⓘ end of Persian interference in the Aegean ⓘ recognition of autonomy of Ionian Greek cities ⓘ |
| topicOf | modern historiographical debate ⓘ |
| uncertaintyReason |
absence from earlier historical narratives
ⓘ
lack of contemporary epigraphic evidence ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Treaty of Callias Description of subject: The Treaty of Callias was a purported 5th-century BCE peace agreement between Athens and the Persian Empire that is traditionally said to have ended the Greco-Persian Wars, though its historicity is debated by modern scholars.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject linked to:
Peace of Callias (traditional attribution)