Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for Roald Hoffmann

E1010198

Nobel Prize in Chemistry international award science award

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for Roald Hoffmann honored his development of the Woodward–Hoffmann rules, which fundamentally explained and predicted the outcomes of pericyclic reactions in organic chemistry.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Nobel Prize in Chemistry (through Roald Hoffmann)	1
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 (for Roald Hoffmann’s theoretical work on chemical bonding)	1
Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for Roald Hoffmann canonical	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T12951923 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for Roald Hoffmann
Context triple: [Woodward–Hoffmann rules, recognizedBy, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for Roald Hoffmann]

A. Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985 was awarded for pioneering work in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures, revolutionizing X-ray crystallography and structural chemistry.
B. Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1965
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1965 is the annual chemistry award that was given to Robert Burns Woodward for his outstanding achievements in the synthesis of complex organic molecules.
C. Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950 was awarded for pioneering work in organic chemistry, specifically the development of the Diels–Alder reaction that transformed synthetic methods for constructing complex molecules.
D. James Flack Norris Award in Physical Organic Chemistry
The James Flack Norris Award in Physical Organic Chemistry is a prestigious American Chemical Society honor recognizing outstanding contributions to the field of physical organic chemistry.
E. Roger Adams Award in Organic Chemistry
The Roger Adams Award in Organic Chemistry is a prestigious American Chemical Society honor recognizing outstanding contributions and leadership in the field of organic chemistry.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for Roald Hoffmann
Target entity description: The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for Roald Hoffmann honored his development of the Woodward–Hoffmann rules, which fundamentally explained and predicted the outcomes of pericyclic reactions in organic chemistry.

A. Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1985 was awarded for pioneering work in the development of direct methods for the determination of crystal structures, revolutionizing X-ray crystallography and structural chemistry.
B. Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1965
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1965 is the annual chemistry award that was given to Robert Burns Woodward for his outstanding achievements in the synthesis of complex organic molecules.
C. Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1950 was awarded for pioneering work in organic chemistry, specifically the development of the Diels–Alder reaction that transformed synthetic methods for constructing complex molecules.
D. James Flack Norris Award in Physical Organic Chemistry
The James Flack Norris Award in Physical Organic Chemistry is a prestigious American Chemical Society honor recognizing outstanding contributions to the field of physical organic chemistry.
E. Roger Adams Award in Organic Chemistry
The Roger Adams Award in Organic Chemistry is a prestigious American Chemical Society honor recognizing outstanding contributions and leadership in the field of organic chemistry.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (38)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Nobel Prize in Chemistry ⓘ international award ⓘ science award ⓘ
administeredBy	Nobel Foundation ⓘ
areaOfContribution	reaction mechanism theory ⓘ theoretical organic chemistry ⓘ
associatedPerson	Robert Burns Woodward ⓘ
awardedBy	Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ⓘ
awardYear	1981 ⓘ
basedOnWorkPeriod	1960s ⓘ 1970s ⓘ
countryOfAwardingBody	Sweden ⓘ
field	Chemistry ⓘ
followedBy	Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1982 ⓘ
hasCategory	1981 Nobel Prize in Chemistry ⓘ linked to: Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981
hasLaureateCitizenshipAtTime	United States of America ⓘ
honorsWorkOf	Kenichi Fukui ⓘ linked to: Fukui Kenichi Roald Hoffmann ⓘ
impact	advanced understanding of molecular orbital symmetry in reactions ⓘ influenced design of synthetic organic reactions ⓘ provided general rules for concerted reactions ⓘ
laureate	Kenichi Fukui ⓘ linked to: Fukui Kenichi Roald Hoffmann ⓘ
laureateField	organic chemistry ⓘ theoretical chemistry ⓘ
motivation	for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions ⓘ
partOf	Nobel Prize ⓘ
precededBy	Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1980 ⓘ
reasonForAward	fundamental explanation of pericyclic reaction selectivity ⓘ prediction of stereochemistry in pericyclic reactions ⓘ
relatedConcept	Woodward–Hoffmann rules ⓘ frontier molecular orbital theory ⓘ orbital symmetry control ⓘ pericyclic reactions ⓘ
sharedWith	Kenichi Fukui ⓘ linked to: Fukui Kenichi
specificContributionRecognized	development of the Woodward–Hoffmann rules ⓘ prediction of outcomes of pericyclic reactions ⓘ theoretical explanation of pericyclic reactions ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (3)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Woodward–Hoffmann rules → recognizedBy → Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for Roald Hoffmann ⓘ

Złoczów, Poland → associatedWith → Nobel Prize in Chemistry (through Roald Hoffmann) ⓘ

linked to: Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 for Roald Hoffmann

Extended Hückel method → associatedWith → Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1981 (for Roald Hoffmann’s theoretical work on chemical bonding) ⓘ