Statements (198)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| gptkbp:instance_of |
gptkb:battle
|
| gptkbp:bfsLayer |
3
|
| gptkbp:bfsParent |
gptkb:Italy
gptkb:Monarch |
| gptkbp:aftermath |
Preservation of Ethiopian sovereignty
Ethiopia remained independent |
| gptkbp:alliance |
various ethnic groups
Limited support Support from local chieftains strengthened national identity Limited support from European powers Support from other African nations fostered by shared struggle |
| gptkbp:annual_event |
Annual celebrations
Military parades |
| gptkbp:armament |
Used effectively
Ineffective in battle not decisive |
| gptkbp:casualties |
approximately 4,000
approximately 7,000 Ethiopian casualties estimated at 4,000 Italian casualties estimated at 7,000 |
| gptkbp:celebrates |
national pride
|
| gptkbp:combatants |
gptkb:Ethiopian_Empire
gptkb:Kingdom_of_Italy |
| gptkbp:commander |
gptkb:General_Oreste_Baratieri
gptkb:Ras_Bitwaddad_Tesemma gptkb:General_Giuseppe_Galliano gptkb:Ras_Alula_Engida gptkb:Colonel_Enrico_Frattini gptkb:General_Giuseppe_Arimondi |
| gptkbp:communication |
effective use of signals
|
| gptkbp:conflict |
" Menelik, Menelik!"
|
| gptkbp:consequences |
loss of prestige
Loss of territory in Africa Secured independence |
| gptkbp:cultural_impact |
Celebrated in literature and art
Critiqued in military history |
| gptkbp:cultural_significance |
Inspiration for art and literature
Reflection on colonial failures |
| gptkbp:date |
March 1, 1896
|
| gptkbp:defeated |
gptkb:Italian_forces
Setback for Italian colonial ambitions led to withdrawal from Ethiopia |
| gptkbp:diplomatic_relations |
Recognition of Ethiopian independence
Strengthened with other nations Increased respect for Ethiopia Strained with African nations |
| gptkbp:equipment |
traditional weapons
modern artillery |
| gptkbp:finale_date |
March 1, 1896
|
| gptkbp:fought_in |
hilly terrain
Italy and Ethiopia |
| gptkbp:historical_context |
Colonial expansion in Africa
celebrated in Ethiopian culture |
| gptkbp:historical_documentation |
Critically analyzed
Extensively recorded Accounts of the battle preserved Reports of the defeat analyzed |
| gptkbp:historical_event |
Colonial ambition
Pride and resilience Pride and resistance Embarrassment and loss Annual celebrations in Ethiopia Controversial discussions in Italy Focus on heroism and resistance Focus on military failures. |
| gptkbp:historical_impact |
Inspiration for future resistance movements
Setback for colonial ambitions in Africa Encouraged other African nations preservation of Ethiopian sovereignty Boosted African nationalism |
| gptkbp:historical_period |
underestimating opponents is dangerous
|
| gptkbp:historical_significance |
First major victory against a European power
First major victory of an African army against a European power Catalyst for military reforms Foundation of modern Ethiopia first major victory against a European power Setback in colonial ambitions |
| https://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label |
Battle of Adwa
|
| gptkbp:impact |
shift in colonial policies
Boosted Ethiopian nationalism |
| gptkbp:influenced |
subsequent African resistance movements
|
| gptkbp:involved_forces |
approximately 100,000
approximately 20,000 extensive training Ethiopian capabilities international respect approximately 20,000 Italian troops approximately 100,000 Ethiopian troops |
| gptkbp:is_celebrated_in |
National holiday in Ethiopia
Ethiopian celebrations |
| gptkbp:is_considered |
symbol of African resistance
a landmark battle one of the greatest victories of African forces turning point in African history |
| gptkbp:is_considered_as |
a significant event in Ethiopian history
|
| gptkbp:is_documented_in |
gptkb:archaeological_site
|
| gptkbp:is_involved_in |
gptkb:Ethiopian_forces
|
| gptkbp:is_known_for |
Ethiopian nationalism
|
| gptkbp:is_part_of |
Ethiopian history
|
| gptkbp:leadership |
gptkb:General_Oreste_Baratieri
gptkb:Ras_Bitwaddad_Tesemma gptkb:Ras_Alula_Engida effective coordination |
| gptkbp:legacy |
symbol of resistance
inspiration for future generations Symbol of resistance against colonialism |
| gptkbp:location |
gptkb:Adwa,_Ethiopia
Adwa |
| gptkbp:military_branch |
Well-coordinated
Poorly coordinated Fragmented and disorganized Well-coordinated and unified |
| gptkbp:military_strategy |
gptkb:political_movement
low high Local militias mountainous region flanking maneuvers Conventional warfare Use of cavalry poor planning disorganized initial successes well-executed Arrived in time for battle arrived too late colonization of Ethiopia superior numbers and terrain advantage Reliance on artillery |
| gptkbp:military_technology |
Influence on future conflicts
Lessons learned in colonial warfare Consisted of various ethnic groups Prompted after the defeat Consisted mainly of Italian soldiers and Eritrean askaris |
| gptkbp:mood |
gptkb:Low
Low after defeat Underestimated Ethiopian forces |
| gptkbp:nationality |
Contributed to defeat
Questioned colonial policies Strengthened sense of unity Questioned military competence |
| gptkbp:notable_allies |
gptkb:None
approximately 20,000 Delayed arrival |
| gptkbp:notable_battle |
inspired troops
" For the Glory of Italy" " Victory or Death" " Viva l' Italia!" Modern European formations Traditional formations |
| gptkbp:occurs_in |
gptkb:1896
|
| gptkbp:official_language |
Underestimation of logistics
|
| gptkbp:opening_ceremony |
Mobilization of resources
|
| gptkbp:outcome |
Ethiopian victory
decisive Ethiopian victory |
| gptkbp:part_of |
gptkb:First_Italo-Ethiopian_War
|
| gptkbp:result |
Ethiopian victory
|
| gptkbp:resulted_in |
gptkb:Treaty_of_Addis_Ababa
loss of Italian prestige |
| gptkbp:significance |
Ethiopian victory
Decisive battle in the First Italo-Ethiopian War |
| gptkbp:strategic_importance |
Foiled in East Africa
|
| gptkbp:supply_chain |
Well-maintained
disrupted Overextended |
| gptkbp:supports |
local population
|
| gptkbp:tactics |
gptkb:High
gptkb:Emperor_Menelik_II approximately 100,000 approximately 4,000 Inspiration for future generations Flanking maneuvers Defensive tactics Offensive tactics Symbol of resistance against colonialism defensive positions Defensive positions Strategic and tactical Key to victory Lessons learned in military strategy Direct assaults Use of terrain advantage Offensive campaign High due to national pride Poor logistics and planning Linear formations Underestimation of Ethiopian forces Use of terrain and superior numbers Various ethnic groups united Fostered among diverse groups Use of terrain and local knowledge |
| gptkbp:takes_place_in |
gptkb:Monarch
|
| gptkbp:training |
military history courses
|
| gptkbp:was_affecting |
European colonial policies
Italian public opinion |
| gptkbp:was_marked_by |
end of Italian expansion in Africa
|